CVE-2025-49998 is a Missing Authorization vulnerability (CWE-862) found in the Wetail WooCommerce Fortnox Integration plugin, affecting versions up to 4.5.5. This integration plugin connects WooCommerce, a widely used e-commerce platform for WordPress, with Fortnox, a cloud-based financial and administrative system popular in Nordic countries. The vulnerability arises due to improperly configured access control mechanisms, allowing users with limited privileges (requiring at least some level of authentication) to perform actions or access resources beyond their authorization scope. Specifically, the issue does not require user interaction (UI:N), and the attack vector is network-based (AV:N), meaning an attacker can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the internet. The CVSS v3.1 score is 5.4 (medium severity), reflecting that while confidentiality is not impacted (C:N), integrity and availability can be compromised (I:L, A:L). The vulnerability allows an attacker with some privileges (PR:L) to cause limited integrity and availability impacts without needing further user interaction. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. The root cause is an incorrect implementation of authorization checks within the plugin, leading to potential unauthorized modifications or disruptions in the integration between WooCommerce and Fortnox systems. Given the plugin’s role in synchronizing financial and order data, exploitation could lead to data tampering, order manipulation, or denial of service conditions affecting business operations.

For European organizations, especially those operating e-commerce platforms integrated with Fortnox via WooCommerce, this vulnerability poses a tangible risk. The integrity and availability of critical business data such as orders, invoices, and financial records could be compromised, leading to operational disruptions, financial inaccuracies, and potential regulatory compliance issues under GDPR. Since Fortnox is predominantly used in Nordic countries (Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland), organizations in these regions are particularly vulnerable. Attackers exploiting this flaw could manipulate order data or disrupt synchronization processes, causing financial loss or reputational damage. Additionally, the medium severity score indicates that while confidentiality is not directly affected, the impact on data integrity and system availability could have cascading effects on business continuity and trustworthiness of financial reporting. The lack of user interaction requirement and network-based exploitability increases the risk of automated or remote attacks, potentially targeting multiple organizations simultaneously. This vulnerability could also be leveraged as a foothold for further attacks within the affected networks.

1. Immediate review and tightening of access control policies within the WooCommerce Fortnox Integration plugin configuration to ensure that only authorized users can perform sensitive actions. 2. Implement network-level restrictions such as IP whitelisting or VPN access for administrative interfaces to reduce exposure. 3. Monitor logs for unusual activities related to the plugin, including unauthorized access attempts or unexpected data changes. 4. Apply principle of least privilege to all user roles interacting with the integration, minimizing the number of users with elevated permissions. 5. Since no official patch is currently available, consider temporarily disabling the integration or isolating it until a fix is released. 6. Engage with the vendor (Wetail) for timely updates and patches, and subscribe to security advisories. 7. Conduct regular security audits and penetration tests focusing on access control mechanisms in e-commerce integrations. 8. Implement compensating controls such as multi-factor authentication for users with elevated privileges to reduce risk of credential misuse.