CVE-2019-5641 is an information exposure vulnerability identified in Rapid7 InsightVM version 6.6.160. The issue arises when a user's session ends due to inactivity, but the application does not properly clear or restrict access to sensitive information displayed on the last visited webpage. Specifically, an attacker with local access to the user's browser can exploit this vulnerability by using the browser's 'Inspect Element' feature to remove the login panel overlay that normally appears after session timeout. By doing so, the attacker can view residual sensitive data from the previous session that should have been protected or cleared upon logout or session expiration. This vulnerability is classified under CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor). The CVSS v3.1 base score is 3.3, indicating a low severity level. The vector details show that the attack requires local access (AV:L), low complexity (AC:L), privileges (PR:L), no user interaction (UI:N), and impacts confidentiality only (C:L), with no impact on integrity or availability. There are no known exploits in the wild, and no patches are referenced in the provided data, suggesting that remediation may require vendor intervention or configuration changes. The vulnerability primarily affects confidentiality by exposing sensitive information that should be protected after session termination, but it does not allow modification or disruption of the system.

For European organizations using Rapid7 InsightVM 6.6.160, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive vulnerability management data if an attacker gains local access to a logged-out user's workstation or browser session. Such exposure could reveal details about network vulnerabilities, asset inventories, or security posture, potentially aiding attackers in planning further attacks. The risk is heightened in shared or public work environments where multiple users access the same machines or in scenarios where attackers have physical or remote access to unattended sessions. However, the impact is limited by the requirement for local access and the low severity score. Confidentiality is affected, but integrity and availability remain intact. The vulnerability does not facilitate remote exploitation or privilege escalation, reducing the overall threat level. Nonetheless, in regulated European sectors such as finance, healthcare, or critical infrastructure, even low-level information exposure could have compliance implications under GDPR or sector-specific regulations, especially if sensitive personal or organizational data is involved.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should implement the following specific measures: 1) Ensure that users log out of InsightVM sessions explicitly rather than relying on session timeouts, especially on shared or public workstations. 2) Configure browser or endpoint security policies to clear cache, cookies, and session data upon logout or browser closure to prevent residual data exposure. 3) Restrict physical and local access to workstations running InsightVM, employing screen locks and session timeout policies that require re-authentication. 4) Educate users about the risks of leaving sessions unattended and the importance of logging out. 5) Monitor for updates or patches from Rapid7 addressing this vulnerability and apply them promptly once available. 6) Consider deploying endpoint security solutions that prevent or limit the use of developer tools like 'Inspect Element' in sensitive environments. 7) Use browser sandboxing or dedicated secure environments for accessing InsightVM to isolate sessions and reduce exposure risk. These targeted actions go beyond generic advice by focusing on session management, local access control, and user behavior, which are critical given the nature of this vulnerability.