CVE-2022-32865 is a high-severity vulnerability affecting Apple macOS, specifically related to improper memory handling that allows an application to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-787, which corresponds to out-of-bounds write errors. Exploiting this flaw enables an attacker to escalate privileges from user space to kernel space, effectively gaining full control over the affected system. The vulnerability requires local access (attack vector: local), does not require privileges (PR:N), but does require user interaction (UI:R). The scope is unchanged (S:U), meaning the vulnerability affects resources managed by the same security authority. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high (C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating that successful exploitation could lead to complete system compromise, including unauthorized data access, modification, and denial of service. Apple addressed this issue with improved memory handling in iOS 16 and macOS Ventura 13. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the nature of the vulnerability and its high CVSS score (7.8) suggest that it poses a significant risk if left unpatched. The vulnerability affects unspecified versions of macOS prior to the fixed releases, implying that all earlier versions remain vulnerable until updated. Given the kernel-level code execution capability, attackers could bypass many security controls, install persistent malware, or disrupt system operations.

For European organizations, this vulnerability presents a critical risk, especially for those relying on macOS devices for sensitive operations, including government agencies, financial institutions, healthcare providers, and technology companies. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to confidential data, intellectual property theft, and disruption of critical services. The ability to execute code with kernel privileges means attackers can implant rootkits or other persistent threats that are difficult to detect and remove. This could undermine trust in IT infrastructure, cause regulatory compliance issues under GDPR due to potential data breaches, and result in financial and reputational damage. Organizations with remote or hybrid workforces using macOS devices are particularly at risk if users are tricked into executing malicious applications or files. The requirement for user interaction means phishing or social engineering could be vectors for exploitation, increasing the attack surface. Additionally, the lack of known exploits in the wild currently provides a window of opportunity for organizations to patch and mitigate before active exploitation occurs.

European organizations should prioritize immediate patching of all macOS devices to macOS Ventura 13 or later, as well as iOS devices to iOS 16 or later, to remediate this vulnerability. Beyond patching, organizations should implement application whitelisting to restrict execution of untrusted or unsigned applications, reducing the risk of malicious code execution. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of monitoring kernel-level activities to detect anomalous behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. User awareness training should emphasize the risks of opening untrusted applications or files, especially from email or web downloads, to mitigate the user interaction requirement. Network segmentation can limit the lateral movement potential if a device is compromised. Regular vulnerability scanning and asset inventory management will help identify unpatched macOS devices. Finally, organizations should monitor threat intelligence feeds for any emerging exploit developments related to CVE-2022-32865 to respond promptly.