CVE-2022-41541: n/a in n/a
TP-Link AX10v1 V1_211117 allows attackers to execute a replay attack by using a previously transmitted encrypted authentication message and valid authentication token. Attackers are able to login to the web application as an admin user.
AI Analysis
Technical Summary
CVE-2022-41541 is a high-severity vulnerability affecting the TP-Link AX10v1 router firmware version V1_211117. The vulnerability allows an attacker to perform a replay attack by reusing a previously transmitted encrypted authentication message along with a valid authentication token. This flaw enables the attacker to bypass normal authentication mechanisms and gain administrative access to the router's web management interface without needing valid credentials or user interaction. The root cause is related to improper handling of authentication tokens and encrypted messages, which do not adequately prevent replayed authentication attempts. This vulnerability is categorized under CWE-294 (Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay), indicating a failure to properly validate the freshness or uniqueness of authentication tokens. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 8.1, reflecting a high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with network attack vector, no privileges required, and no user interaction needed. Although no known exploits are reported in the wild, the vulnerability poses a significant risk due to the ease of exploitation and the critical nature of administrative access to network devices. The lack of available patches or vendor advisories further increases the threat level, as affected devices remain exposed to potential compromise.
Potential Impact
For European organizations, this vulnerability could have severe consequences. Routers like the TP-Link AX10v1 are commonly used in small to medium enterprises and home office environments, which often serve as the first line of defense for internal networks. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability could gain administrative control over the router, allowing them to alter network configurations, intercept or redirect traffic, deploy malware, or create persistent backdoors. This could lead to data breaches, disruption of business operations, and compromise of connected devices. Given the critical role of routers in network security, exploitation could also facilitate lateral movement within corporate networks, escalating the impact. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged in supply chain attacks or to target remote workers, which are prevalent in Europe. The lack of patches means organizations must rely on mitigation strategies until a fix is available, increasing operational risk.
Mitigation Recommendations
Organizations should immediately identify any TP-Link AX10v1 routers running firmware version V1_211117 within their networks. Since no official patch is currently available, practical mitigations include: 1) Restricting administrative access to the router's web interface by limiting management IP addresses to trusted internal networks or VPNs, effectively blocking external access. 2) Disabling remote management features if enabled, to prevent attackers from exploiting the vulnerability over the internet. 3) Monitoring network traffic for unusual authentication attempts or repeated encrypted messages indicative of replay attacks. 4) Implementing network segmentation to isolate vulnerable devices from critical assets, reducing potential lateral movement. 5) Considering replacement or firmware downgrade if feasible and secure, until an official patch is released. 6) Keeping abreast of vendor advisories for updates and applying patches promptly once available. 7) Employing intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with custom rules to detect replay attack patterns targeting the router's management interface.
Affected Countries
Germany, France, United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Poland, Belgium, Sweden, Austria
CVE-2022-41541: n/a in n/a
Description
TP-Link AX10v1 V1_211117 allows attackers to execute a replay attack by using a previously transmitted encrypted authentication message and valid authentication token. Attackers are able to login to the web application as an admin user.
AI-Powered Analysis
Technical Analysis
CVE-2022-41541 is a high-severity vulnerability affecting the TP-Link AX10v1 router firmware version V1_211117. The vulnerability allows an attacker to perform a replay attack by reusing a previously transmitted encrypted authentication message along with a valid authentication token. This flaw enables the attacker to bypass normal authentication mechanisms and gain administrative access to the router's web management interface without needing valid credentials or user interaction. The root cause is related to improper handling of authentication tokens and encrypted messages, which do not adequately prevent replayed authentication attempts. This vulnerability is categorized under CWE-294 (Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay), indicating a failure to properly validate the freshness or uniqueness of authentication tokens. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 8.1, reflecting a high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with network attack vector, no privileges required, and no user interaction needed. Although no known exploits are reported in the wild, the vulnerability poses a significant risk due to the ease of exploitation and the critical nature of administrative access to network devices. The lack of available patches or vendor advisories further increases the threat level, as affected devices remain exposed to potential compromise.
Potential Impact
For European organizations, this vulnerability could have severe consequences. Routers like the TP-Link AX10v1 are commonly used in small to medium enterprises and home office environments, which often serve as the first line of defense for internal networks. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability could gain administrative control over the router, allowing them to alter network configurations, intercept or redirect traffic, deploy malware, or create persistent backdoors. This could lead to data breaches, disruption of business operations, and compromise of connected devices. Given the critical role of routers in network security, exploitation could also facilitate lateral movement within corporate networks, escalating the impact. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged in supply chain attacks or to target remote workers, which are prevalent in Europe. The lack of patches means organizations must rely on mitigation strategies until a fix is available, increasing operational risk.
Mitigation Recommendations
Organizations should immediately identify any TP-Link AX10v1 routers running firmware version V1_211117 within their networks. Since no official patch is currently available, practical mitigations include: 1) Restricting administrative access to the router's web interface by limiting management IP addresses to trusted internal networks or VPNs, effectively blocking external access. 2) Disabling remote management features if enabled, to prevent attackers from exploiting the vulnerability over the internet. 3) Monitoring network traffic for unusual authentication attempts or repeated encrypted messages indicative of replay attacks. 4) Implementing network segmentation to isolate vulnerable devices from critical assets, reducing potential lateral movement. 5) Considering replacement or firmware downgrade if feasible and secure, until an official patch is released. 6) Keeping abreast of vendor advisories for updates and applying patches promptly once available. 7) Employing intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with custom rules to detect replay attack patterns targeting the router's management interface.
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Technical Details
- Data Version
- 5.1
- Assigner Short Name
- mitre
- Date Reserved
- 2022-09-26T00:00:00.000Z
- Cisa Enriched
- true
- Cvss Version
- 3.1
- State
- PUBLISHED
Threat ID: 682cd0fb1484d88663aec618
Added to database: 5/20/2025, 6:59:07 PM
Last enriched: 7/6/2025, 10:41:54 AM
Last updated: 7/30/2025, 10:17:06 AM
Views: 11
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