CVE-2022-42990 is a high-severity SQL injection vulnerability identified in the Food Ordering Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the web component /foms/all-orders.php, specifically when processing the 'status' parameter with the value 'Cancelled by Customer'. SQL injection (CWE-89) vulnerabilities allow an attacker to manipulate backend SQL queries by injecting malicious input, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, data modification, or even complete system compromise. According to the CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), this vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network with low attack complexity but requires high privileges (PR:H) and no user interaction. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high, indicating that successful exploitation could lead to full data disclosure, data tampering, and service disruption. No patches or vendor information are currently available, and no known exploits have been reported in the wild. The lack of vendor or product details limits the ability to assess the full scope of affected deployments, but the vulnerability is clearly critical for any organization using this specific Food Ordering Management System version 1.0.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability could be significant, especially for businesses in the hospitality, food delivery, and restaurant sectors that rely on the affected Food Ordering Management System. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive customer data, including order histories and potentially payment information, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations. Data integrity could be compromised, leading to fraudulent orders or manipulation of order statuses, which could disrupt business operations and damage customer trust. Availability impacts could result in denial of service or system outages, affecting revenue and service continuity. Given the high privileges required for exploitation, internal threat actors or compromised privileged accounts pose a notable risk. The absence of patches increases exposure time, emphasizing the need for immediate mitigation.

Organizations should first identify if they are using the Food Ordering Management System v1.0 and specifically the vulnerable component /foms/all-orders.php. Immediate mitigation steps include implementing strict input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection. If source code access is available, refactor the affected code to sanitize and validate the 'status' parameter rigorously. Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting this endpoint. Restrict access to the vulnerable component to trusted users only, considering the high privilege requirement for exploitation. Monitor logs for suspicious query patterns or unusual access to the /foms/all-orders.php endpoint. Until an official patch is released, consider isolating or disabling the vulnerable functionality if feasible. Conduct security awareness training for privileged users to mitigate insider threats. Finally, maintain regular backups and incident response plans to recover quickly from potential exploitation.