CVE-2025-11049 is a medium-severity vulnerability affecting Portabilis i-Educar versions 2.0 through 2.10. The vulnerability arises from improper authorization controls in an unspecified functionality related to the /unificacao-aluno endpoint. This flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to manipulate requests to this endpoint and bypass authorization checks, potentially accessing or modifying data without proper permissions. The vulnerability does not require user interaction and can be exploited remotely over the network. The CVSS 4.0 score is 5.3, reflecting a network attack vector with low complexity and no user interaction, but requiring low privileges. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is rated low, indicating limited but non-negligible data exposure or modification risks. No patches or mitigations have been explicitly linked yet, and no known exploits are currently observed in the wild, although a public exploit is available. The vulnerability affects a core module of i-Educar, an open-source educational management system widely used in Brazil and some other countries, which manages student data and school administrative functions. Improper authorization in such a system could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive student information or manipulation of educational records, posing privacy and operational risks.

For European organizations, the impact depends on the adoption of Portabilis i-Educar or similar deployments. While i-Educar is primarily used in Brazil and Latin America, some European educational institutions or partners with Brazilian entities might use it or derivatives. Unauthorized access to student data could violate GDPR regulations, leading to legal and financial penalties. Integrity compromises could disrupt educational records, affecting student evaluations and administrative processes. Even if direct adoption is limited, the vulnerability highlights risks in educational software authorization mechanisms, which are critical given the sensitive nature of student data in Europe. Attackers exploiting this flaw could gain footholds in educational networks, potentially leading to broader attacks or data breaches. The medium severity suggests a moderate risk level, but the presence of a public exploit increases urgency for mitigation.

Organizations should immediately audit their i-Educar installations to identify affected versions (2.0 to 2.10). Since no official patches are currently linked, administrators should implement strict network-level access controls to restrict access to the /unificacao-aluno endpoint only to trusted internal users. Employing Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block unauthorized access attempts targeting this endpoint is recommended. Monitoring and logging access to this endpoint should be enhanced to detect suspicious activity. If possible, disable or restrict the vulnerable functionality until a patch is available. Additionally, organizations should review and strengthen authorization logic in custom or derivative educational software to prevent similar flaws. Regularly updating to newer, patched versions once available is critical. Finally, ensure compliance with data protection regulations by conducting impact assessments and notifying relevant authorities if unauthorized access is suspected.