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CVE-2025-4129: CWE-639 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key in PAVO Inc. PAVO Pay

High
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-4129cvecve-2025-4129cwe-639
Published: Mon Jul 21 2025 (07/21/2025, 13:59:38 UTC)
Source: CVE Database V5
Vendor/Project: PAVO Inc.
Product: PAVO Pay

Description

Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in PAVO Inc. PAVO Pay allows Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers.This issue affects PAVO Pay: before 13.05.2025.

AI-Powered Analysis

AILast updated: 07/21/2025, 14:31:24 UTC

Technical Analysis

CVE-2025-4129 is a high-severity vulnerability identified in PAVO Inc.'s PAVO Pay product, affecting versions prior to 13.05.2025. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-639, which corresponds to Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key. This means that the application improperly trusts user-controlled input used as keys or identifiers to authorize access to resources or operations. In this case, the flaw allows an attacker to exploit trusted identifiers within the PAVO Pay system, bypassing authorization controls without requiring authentication or user interaction. The CVSS v3.1 score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) indicates that the vulnerability is remotely exploitable over the network with low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction needed, and results in a high impact on confidentiality. Specifically, attackers can gain unauthorized access to sensitive data or perform unauthorized actions by manipulating user-controlled keys that the system incorrectly trusts. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the vulnerability's nature and ease of exploitation make it a significant risk. The lack of a patch link suggests that a fix may not yet be publicly available or is pending release. Given that PAVO Pay is a payment platform, unauthorized access could lead to exposure of sensitive financial or personal data, potentially facilitating fraud or data breaches.

Potential Impact

For European organizations using PAVO Pay, this vulnerability poses a substantial risk to the confidentiality of sensitive payment and user data. Exploitation could allow attackers to bypass authorization controls, accessing or extracting confidential information without detection. This could lead to financial fraud, identity theft, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR violations), and reputational damage. Since the vulnerability does not affect integrity or availability directly, the primary concern is unauthorized data disclosure. European financial institutions, e-commerce platforms, and service providers relying on PAVO Pay for payment processing could face operational disruptions due to incident response efforts and potential regulatory penalties. Additionally, the cross-border nature of payment processing means that exploitation could affect customers and partners across multiple European countries, amplifying the impact.

Mitigation Recommendations

Organizations should immediately assess their use of PAVO Pay and verify the version in deployment. Until an official patch is released, implement compensating controls such as strict input validation and sanitization on user-controlled keys or identifiers, ensuring that only authorized and validated keys are accepted by backend services. Employ additional authorization checks independent of user-controlled keys, such as multi-factor authentication and role-based access controls, to reduce the risk of bypass. Monitor logs and network traffic for unusual access patterns or unauthorized attempts to manipulate keys. Engage with PAVO Inc. to obtain timelines for patch releases and apply updates promptly once available. Consider isolating or segmenting systems using PAVO Pay to limit potential lateral movement in case of exploitation. Finally, conduct security awareness training for staff to recognize and report suspicious activity related to payment processing.

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Technical Details

Data Version
5.1
Assigner Short Name
TR-CERT
Date Reserved
2025-04-30T08:32:36.964Z
Cvss Version
3.1
State
PUBLISHED

Threat ID: 687e4ba8a83201eaac100944

Added to database: 7/21/2025, 2:16:08 PM

Last enriched: 7/21/2025, 2:31:24 PM

Last updated: 7/22/2025, 8:12:37 PM

Views: 3

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