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CVE-2025-4130: CWE-798 Use of Hard-coded Credentials in PAVO Inc. PAVO Pay

High
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-4130cvecve-2025-4130cwe-798
Published: Mon Jul 21 2025 (07/21/2025, 14:01:06 UTC)
Source: CVE Database V5
Vendor/Project: PAVO Inc.
Product: PAVO Pay

Description

Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in PAVO Inc. PAVO Pay allows Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable.This issue affects PAVO Pay: before 13.05.2025.

AI-Powered Analysis

AILast updated: 07/21/2025, 14:31:09 UTC

Technical Analysis

CVE-2025-4130 is a high-severity vulnerability classified under CWE-798, which concerns the use of hard-coded credentials. This vulnerability affects PAVO Inc.'s payment application, PAVO Pay, specifically versions prior to 13.05.2025. The core issue is that sensitive constants, including credentials, are embedded directly within the executable code of the application. Because these credentials are hard-coded, an attacker with access to the executable can extract them through reverse engineering or static analysis without requiring any authentication or user interaction. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 reflects the fact that the vulnerability is remotely exploitable (AV:N), requires no privileges (PR:N), and no user interaction (UI:N), with a high impact on confidentiality (C:H) but no impact on integrity or availability (I:N/A:N). The exposure of these credentials can allow unauthorized access to sensitive systems or data, potentially enabling further attacks or data breaches. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the presence of hard-coded credentials is a critical security flaw that can be leveraged by attackers to compromise the payment system or associated infrastructure. The lack of a patch link suggests that a fix may not yet be publicly available, emphasizing the need for immediate mitigation steps by users of PAVO Pay.

Potential Impact

For European organizations using PAVO Pay, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality of sensitive payment data and credentials. Exposure of hard-coded credentials could lead to unauthorized access to payment processing systems, potentially resulting in financial fraud, theft of customer payment information, and reputational damage. Given the critical nature of payment systems in commerce, exploitation could disrupt business operations and undermine customer trust. Additionally, compromised credentials might be used as a foothold for lateral movement within corporate networks, increasing the risk of broader data breaches. European organizations are also subject to stringent data protection regulations such as GDPR, and a breach involving payment data could lead to substantial regulatory penalties and legal consequences. The absence of known exploits in the wild does not reduce the urgency, as attackers often target payment platforms due to their high-value data and transactional nature.

Mitigation Recommendations

Organizations should immediately audit their use of PAVO Pay and identify all instances running affected versions prior to 13.05.2025. Until an official patch is released, the following specific mitigations are recommended: 1) Restrict access to the PAVO Pay executables to trusted personnel only and implement strict file integrity monitoring to detect unauthorized changes or access attempts. 2) Employ application-layer encryption and tokenization to minimize the impact of credential exposure within the application. 3) Monitor network traffic for anomalous access patterns that could indicate misuse of extracted credentials. 4) Where possible, isolate the payment processing environment from other critical systems to limit lateral movement risks. 5) Engage with PAVO Inc. to obtain timelines for a security patch and participate in any early access or beta testing programs for fixes. 6) Consider implementing compensating controls such as multi-factor authentication on systems accessed via these credentials to reduce the risk of unauthorized use. 7) Conduct employee awareness training focused on the risks of hard-coded credentials and encourage reporting of suspicious activity related to payment systems.

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Technical Details

Data Version
5.1
Assigner Short Name
TR-CERT
Date Reserved
2025-04-30T08:32:38.481Z
Cvss Version
3.1
State
PUBLISHED

Threat ID: 687e4ba8a83201eaac100947

Added to database: 7/21/2025, 2:16:08 PM

Last enriched: 7/21/2025, 2:31:09 PM

Last updated: 7/22/2025, 8:12:37 PM

Views: 2

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