CVE-2025-48498VulnerabilityPublished 22 Jul 2025Updated 3 Nov 2025

CVE-2025-48498: Bloomberg Comdb2 · NULL Pointer Dereference

Affects Bloomberg Comdb2Source CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 7.5 High.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

7.5High

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.6% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 49% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: None
Integrity: None
Availability: High

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the impacted component.
Integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the impacted component.
Availability: High: There is total loss of availability, resulting in the attacker being able to fully deny access to resources in the impacted component; this loss is either sustained (while the attacker continues to deliver the attack) or persistent (the condition persists even after the attack has completed). Alternatively, the attacker has the ability to deny some availability, but the loss of availability presents a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component (e.g., the attacker cannot disrupt existing connections, but can prevent new connections; the attacker can repeatedly exploit a vulnerability that, in each instance of a successful attack, leaks a only small amount of memory, but after repeated exploitation causes a service to become completely unavailable).

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 22 Jul 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Bloomberg Comdb2	Affected =8.1	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

1. Network Segmentation: Isolate Bloomberg Comdb2 instances within secure network zones inaccessible from untrusted or public networks to reduce exposure. 2. Access Controls: Implement strict firewall rules to restrict inbound TCP connections to Comdb2 ports only from trusted hosts and management networks. 3. Traffic Monitoring: Deploy deep packet inspection and anomaly detection tools to identify and alert on malformed or suspicious protocol buffer messages targeting Comdb2. 4. Rate Limiting: Apply rate limiting on incoming connections to Comdb2 to mitigate potential denial of service attempts. 5. Incident Response Preparedness: Develop and test response plans for database service disruptions to minimize downtime. 6. Vendor Engagement: Maintain close contact with Bloomberg for timely patch releases and apply updates as soon as they become available. 7. Application Hardening: Where possible, configure Comdb2 to reject unexpected or malformed protocol buffer messages and enable logging for suspicious activity. 8. Redundancy and Failover: Implement high availability and failover mechanisms to reduce impact of potential service outages. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on network-level protections, monitoring specific to protocol buffer traffic, and operational readiness.

Description

A null pointer dereference vulnerability exists in the Distributed Transaction component of Bloomberg Comdb2 8.1 when processing a number of fields used for coordination. A specially crafted protocol buffer message can lead to a denial of service. An attacker can simply connect to a database instance over TCP and send the crafted message to trigger this vulnerability.

Impact

For European organizations, especially those in the financial sector that rely on Bloomberg Comdb2 8.1 for distributed transaction processing, this vulnerability poses a significant risk of service disruption. A successful exploitation could lead to database crashes or unavailability, affecting critical applications that depend on real-time data processing and transaction integrity. This can result in operational downtime, loss of business continuity, and potential regulatory compliance issues related to service availability. Given the remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit, attackers could launch denial of service attacks from external networks, increasing the threat surface. The impact is heightened in environments where Comdb2 is exposed to untrusted networks or lacks adequate network segmentation. Additionally, the financial sector's reliance on Bloomberg products means that disruptions could have cascading effects on trading platforms, risk management systems, and client services across Europe. While confidentiality and integrity are not directly impacted, the availability loss alone can cause significant reputational and financial damage.

CWE-476NULL Pointer Dereference (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: MediumCWE Top 25 (2025): #13OWASP Top 10 A10:2025: Mishandling of Exceptional Conditions (opens in a new tab)
The product dereferences a pointer that it expects to be valid but is NULL.
Implementation
For any pointers that could have been modified or provided from a function that can return NULL, check the pointer for NULL before use. When working with a multithreaded or otherwise asynchronous environment, ensure that proper locking APIs are used to lock before the check, and unlock when it has finished.
Requirements
Select a programming language that is not susceptible to these issues.
Implementation
Check the results of all functions that return a value and verify that the value is non-null before acting upon it.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Logging (opens in a new tab)
Error Handling (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V11.1.7 (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 4 Nov 2025, 01:30 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-476

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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