CVE-2025-48927 identifies a vulnerability in the TeleMessage service related to an insecure default configuration of the Spring Boot Actuator. Specifically, the heap dump endpoint is exposed at the /heapdump URI without authentication or access restrictions. Heap dumps contain detailed memory snapshots of the running application, including sensitive data such as credentials, tokens, or encryption keys. Exposing this endpoint publicly allows remote attackers to download these memory snapshots, potentially leading to information disclosure. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-1188, which concerns initialization of resources with insecure defaults, here meaning the heap dump endpoint is enabled and accessible by default. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N) indicates network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, unchanged scope, and low confidentiality impact without integrity or availability impact. Although no exploits have been observed in the wild as of publication, the presence of an exposed heap dump endpoint is a significant security misconfiguration that can facilitate further attacks or data breaches. The affected versions are unspecified beyond '0', suggesting early or default versions of the TeleMessage service. The vulnerability was published on May 28, 2025, shortly after the exposure was discovered and exploited in the wild in early May 2025. No patches or fixes are currently linked, indicating that mitigation relies on configuration changes or vendor updates.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information contained in heap dumps, such as user credentials, session tokens, or cryptographic material. This can lead to further compromise of systems or data breaches, especially in sectors like finance, healthcare, or government communications where TeleMessage services may be used. The confidentiality impact is moderate since the heap dump may contain partial sensitive data, but integrity and availability are not directly affected. The ease of exploitation—no authentication or user interaction required—means attackers can remotely access the endpoint if it is exposed to the internet or accessible networks. This increases the risk for organizations with insufficient network segmentation or firewall rules. The lack of known exploits in the wild reduces immediate urgency but does not eliminate the threat, as attackers could develop exploits based on this vulnerability. Organizations relying on TeleMessage services should assess their exposure and the sensitivity of data potentially leaked through heap dumps.

To mitigate CVE-2025-48927, organizations should first verify if the TeleMessage service is running a vulnerable version with the Spring Boot Actuator heap dump endpoint enabled. Immediate steps include disabling the heap dump endpoint in the Spring Boot Actuator configuration or restricting access to it via strong authentication mechanisms. Network-level controls such as firewall rules or VPN restrictions should be applied to limit access to trusted administrators only. Monitoring and logging access to actuator endpoints can help detect unauthorized attempts. Organizations should also engage with TeleMessage vendors for patches or updated versions that disable insecure defaults. Regular security audits and configuration reviews of Spring Boot Actuator endpoints are recommended to prevent similar misconfigurations. Finally, sensitive data in memory should be minimized by following secure coding and memory management practices to reduce the impact if heap dumps are exposed.