CVE-2025-54194VulnerabilityPublished 12 Aug 2025

CVE-2025-54194: Adobe Substance3D – Painter · Out-of-bounds Read

Affects Adobe Substance3D – PainterSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 5.5 Medium.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

5.5Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.1% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 9% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Attack Vector: Local
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: High
Integrity: None
Availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Local: The vulnerable component is not bound to the network stack and the attacker’s path is via read/write/execute capabilities. Either: the attacker exploits the vulnerability by accessing the target system locally (e.g., keyboard, console), or remotely (e.g., SSH); or the attacker relies on User Interaction by another person to perform actions required to exploit the vulnerability (e.g., tricking a legitimate user into opening a malicious document).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: Required: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires a user to take some action before the vulnerability can be exploited.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: High: There is total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all resources within the impacted component being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact.
Integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 12 Aug 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Adobe Substance3D - Painter	Affected =0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should: 1) Immediately audit and inventory all instances of Adobe Substance3D - Painter in use, identifying versions 11.0.2 and earlier. 2) Restrict the opening of files from untrusted or unknown sources within the software environment, implementing strict file validation policies. 3) Educate users on the risks of opening files from unverified origins and train them to recognize phishing or social engineering attempts that could deliver malicious files. 4) Implement network-level controls to block or monitor file transfers that could carry malicious Substance3D project files. 5) Monitor Adobe's official channels for patches or updates addressing CVE-2025-54194 and apply them promptly once available. 6) Consider sandboxing or running Substance3D - Painter in isolated environments to limit potential data exposure. 7) Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools to detect anomalous behaviors related to file handling within the application. These measures go beyond generic advice by focusing on controlling file provenance, user awareness, and environment isolation specific to this vulnerability's exploitation vector.

Description

Substance3D - Painter versions 11.0.2 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

Impact

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability depends largely on their use of Adobe Substance3D - Painter within their workflows. Companies involved in digital media, game development, advertising, and visual effects production are at higher risk, as they are more likely to use this software. The exposure of sensitive memory could lead to leakage of intellectual property, proprietary textures, or other confidential project data, potentially resulting in competitive disadvantage or reputational damage. Although the vulnerability does not allow code execution or system compromise, the confidentiality breach could facilitate further targeted attacks if sensitive credentials or cryptographic material are exposed. The requirement for user interaction (opening a malicious file) means that social engineering or phishing campaigns could be used to deliver the exploit. Given the creative industry's importance in Europe, especially in countries with strong digital media sectors, this vulnerability could have a notable impact if exploited.

CWE-125Out-of-bounds Read (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessCWE Top 25 (2025): #8
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
Implementation · Input Validation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
Architecture and Design · Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
XML Security (opens in a new tab)
Mass Assignment (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V13.3.1 (opens in a new tab)
V5.1.4 (opens in a new tab)
V5.1.3 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
Overread Buffers (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

helpx.adobe.com/security/products/substance3d_painter/apsb25-77.html (opens in a new tab)

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 20 Aug 2025, 02:06 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-125

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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