CVE-2025-7125 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in the itsourcecode Employee Management System version 1.0, specifically within the /admin/editempeducation.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'coursepg' parameter, which can be manipulated by an attacker to inject malicious SQL queries. This injection flaw allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands on the backend database without requiring authentication or user interaction. The vulnerability is classified as medium severity with a CVSS 4.0 base score of 5.3, reflecting its moderate impact and ease of exploitation. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), with low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:L), and no user interaction needed (UI:N). The vulnerability impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability at a low level (VC:L, VI:L, VA:L), indicating potential for limited data exposure, modification, or disruption. The scope is unchanged (S:U), meaning the exploit affects only the vulnerable component. Although no public exploits are currently known in the wild, the exploit details have been disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation. The vulnerability affects an administrative function, which may be accessible only to privileged users, but the lack of authentication requirement in the CVSS vector suggests that the attack might be possible without valid credentials, or that the privilege requirement is low. This vulnerability could allow attackers to extract sensitive employee data, modify records, or disrupt employee management operations by leveraging SQL injection techniques.

For European organizations using the itsourcecode Employee Management System version 1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of employee data. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive personal information, such as employee education records, potentially violating GDPR and other data protection regulations. Integrity compromise could result in falsified employee data, impacting HR decisions and compliance reporting. Availability impacts, though low, could disrupt HR operations temporarily. Given the administrative nature of the affected functionality, organizations with remote administrative access exposed to the internet are particularly vulnerable. The medium severity rating suggests that while the risk is not critical, the potential for data breaches and regulatory penalties in Europe is notable. Organizations in Europe must consider the legal and reputational consequences of such a breach, especially in sectors with stringent data protection requirements like finance, healthcare, and government.

1. Immediate patching: Organizations should verify if a security patch or update is available from itsourcecode and apply it promptly. 2. Input validation and sanitization: Implement strict server-side validation and sanitization of all input parameters, especially 'coursepg', to prevent injection of malicious SQL code. 3. Use of prepared statements and parameterized queries: Refactor the vulnerable code to use parameterized queries or stored procedures to eliminate direct concatenation of user input into SQL statements. 4. Access control hardening: Restrict access to the /admin/editempeducation.php endpoint to trusted IP addresses or VPN users only, minimizing exposure. 5. Web Application Firewall (WAF): Deploy and configure a WAF with rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting this parameter. 6. Monitoring and logging: Enable detailed logging of administrative actions and monitor for unusual query patterns or spikes in database errors indicative of injection attempts. 7. Network segmentation: Isolate the Employee Management System backend database from direct internet access to reduce attack surface. 8. Conduct security audits and penetration testing focusing on injection flaws to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities proactively.