CVE-2025-7487 is a medium-severity vulnerability identified in the JoeyBling SpringBoot_MyBatisPlus framework, specifically affecting the SysFileController component's /file/upload endpoint. The vulnerability arises from improper validation or restrictions on the 'portraitFile' argument, which allows an attacker to perform unrestricted file uploads remotely without authentication or user interaction. This means an attacker can upload arbitrary files, potentially including malicious payloads such as web shells or malware, leading to unauthorized code execution, data compromise, or system disruption. The product employs a rolling release model, complicating version tracking and patch management. Although the CVSS 4.0 score is 5.3 (medium), the exploitability is relatively straightforward due to network accessibility and lack of required privileges. No public exploits are currently known in the wild, but public disclosure increases the risk of exploitation attempts. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability as attackers could execute arbitrary code, modify or exfiltrate data, or disrupt services. The lack of authentication and user interaction requirements further increase the attack surface. The vulnerability affects a specific commit/version (a6a825513bd688f717dbae3a196bc9c9622fea26) of the SpringBoot_MyBatisPlus framework, which is used in Java-based web applications leveraging Spring Boot and MyBatis Plus for rapid development and database interaction. Organizations using this framework in their web applications are at risk if they have not implemented additional upload restrictions or mitigations.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-7487 can be significant, especially for those relying on custom or commercial applications built on the JoeyBling SpringBoot_MyBatisPlus framework. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized remote code execution, data breaches, defacement, or denial of service. This can result in regulatory non-compliance, especially under GDPR, due to potential personal data exposure. The medium CVSS score may understate the real-world risk if attackers leverage uploaded files to gain persistent access or pivot within networks. Critical infrastructure, financial institutions, and healthcare providers in Europe could face operational disruptions or reputational damage. Additionally, the rolling release model complicates patch management, increasing the window of exposure. Since the vulnerability requires no authentication or user interaction, automated scanning and exploitation attempts could target vulnerable endpoints, increasing risk for organizations with internet-facing applications using this framework. The lack of known exploits in the wild currently provides a limited window for proactive mitigation before potential attacks emerge.

1. Immediate review and restriction of file upload functionality: Implement strict server-side validation on file types, sizes, and content to prevent malicious uploads. 2. Employ allowlists for permitted file extensions and MIME types, rejecting all others. 3. Use sandboxing or isolated storage for uploaded files to prevent execution or access to sensitive resources. 4. Apply web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block suspicious upload attempts targeting the /file/upload endpoint. 5. Monitor logs for unusual upload activity or unexpected file types. 6. If possible, upgrade or patch the SpringBoot_MyBatisPlus framework to a version where this vulnerability is fixed; if no official patch exists due to rolling releases, consider backporting fixes or applying custom validation controls. 7. Restrict network exposure of upload endpoints to trusted users or internal networks where feasible. 8. Conduct security code reviews and penetration testing focused on file upload mechanisms. 9. Educate developers on secure file handling practices to prevent similar vulnerabilities in future releases.