CVE-2025-7787 is a server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability found in the Xuxueli xxl-job open-source distributed task scheduling framework, specifically affecting versions 3.1.0 and 3.1.1. The vulnerability exists in the httpJobHandler function within the SampleXxlJob.java source file. SSRF vulnerabilities allow an attacker to induce the server-side application to make HTTP requests to arbitrary domains or IP addresses, potentially bypassing firewall restrictions and accessing internal resources that are not otherwise exposed externally. In this case, the vulnerability can be exploited remotely without authentication or user interaction, as indicated by the CVSS vector. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.3, categorized as medium severity, reflecting limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, and requiring low privileges (PR:L) but no user interaction. The vulnerability does not require authentication but does require low privileges, which suggests that an attacker with some level of access to the system or network could exploit it. The SSRF could be leveraged to scan internal networks, access sensitive internal services, or perform further attacks such as data exfiltration or lateral movement. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the public disclosure of the vulnerability increases the risk of exploitation. The lack of available patches at the time of publication means that affected users must rely on mitigation strategies until an official fix is released.

For European organizations using the xxl-job scheduling framework, this SSRF vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized internal network reconnaissance and potential access to sensitive internal services. Given that xxl-job is used to automate and schedule critical business processes, exploitation could lead to disruption of scheduled tasks or unauthorized access to internal APIs and resources. The impact on confidentiality is moderate, as SSRF can expose internal endpoints and data. Integrity and availability impacts are lower but possible if the attacker leverages SSRF to trigger further attacks or denial of service conditions. Organizations in sectors with high reliance on internal network segmentation and automation, such as finance, manufacturing, and critical infrastructure, could face increased risk. The medium CVSS score reflects that while the vulnerability is exploitable remotely, it requires some level of privilege, limiting the scope of attackers. However, the public disclosure and lack of patches increase urgency for mitigation to prevent exploitation attempts.

1. Immediate mitigation should include restricting network access from the xxl-job server to only trusted and necessary internal resources using firewall rules or network segmentation to limit SSRF impact. 2. Implement strict input validation and sanitization on any parameters processed by the httpJobHandler function to prevent injection of malicious URLs. 3. Monitor logs for unusual outbound HTTP requests originating from the xxl-job server to detect potential exploitation attempts. 4. If possible, disable or restrict the use of the vulnerable httpJobHandler functionality until a patch is available. 5. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with SSRF detection capabilities to block suspicious requests targeting the vulnerable endpoint. 6. Stay updated with vendor advisories and apply official patches promptly once released. 7. Conduct internal security assessments to identify any exposure of internal services that could be targeted via SSRF and harden those services accordingly.