CVE-2018-18602 is a critical vulnerability affecting the Cloud API used by Guardzilla smart cameras. The flaw allows an attacker to perform user enumeration, which means they can systematically determine valid user accounts or identifiers by interacting with the API. This user enumeration capability leads to unauthorized, arbitrary access to the cameras themselves, enabling attackers to monitor live video feeds without authentication or user interaction. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-330, indicating insufficiently protected credentials or authentication mechanisms. The CVSS v3.1 score of 9.8 reflects the high severity, with an attack vector over the network (AV:N), no required privileges (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H). Exploiting this vulnerability allows attackers to compromise the confidentiality of video streams, manipulate camera settings or data (integrity), and potentially disrupt camera operation (availability). Although no known exploits have been reported in the wild, the vulnerability's nature and severity make it a significant risk for any deployment of Guardzilla smart cameras relying on the vulnerable Cloud API. The lack of vendor or product version details limits precise scope identification, but the vulnerability specifically targets the Guardzilla smart camera ecosystem and its cloud infrastructure.

For European organizations using Guardzilla smart cameras, this vulnerability poses a severe risk to privacy and security. Unauthorized access to live camera feeds can lead to espionage, surveillance, and leakage of sensitive information, especially in environments such as corporate offices, government facilities, healthcare institutions, and critical infrastructure. The compromise of camera integrity could allow attackers to manipulate video streams or disable security monitoring, undermining physical security controls. The availability impact could disrupt security operations relying on these cameras. Given the high CVSS score and the absence of required authentication or user interaction, attackers can remotely exploit this vulnerability with relative ease. This threat is particularly concerning for organizations subject to stringent data protection regulations like GDPR, as unauthorized video access constitutes a serious data breach with potential legal and financial consequences.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should first verify if their Guardzilla smart cameras are affected by CVE-2018-18602 and seek firmware or cloud API updates from the vendor. In the absence of official patches, organizations should consider disabling remote cloud access to the cameras and restrict network access to trusted internal networks only. Implement network segmentation to isolate smart cameras from critical systems and monitor network traffic for unusual access patterns to the cameras. Employ strong authentication mechanisms and multi-factor authentication where possible for any cloud or local camera management interfaces. Regularly audit user accounts and access logs to detect potential enumeration attempts. If feasible, replace vulnerable devices with models that have verified secure cloud APIs. Additionally, organizations should engage with their security teams to update incident response plans to include scenarios involving compromised IoT camera devices.