CVE-2022-30769 is a session fixation vulnerability identified in ZoneMinder, an open-source video surveillance software widely used for monitoring and recording security camera feeds. The vulnerability affects versions up to and including 1.36.12. Session fixation occurs when an attacker can set or manipulate a session identifier (session cookie) before a legitimate user logs in, allowing the attacker to hijack the authenticated session once the user logs in. In this case, an attacker can poison the session cookie, causing the next logged-in user to inherit a session ID controlled by the attacker. This enables the attacker to gain unauthorized access to the victim's session, potentially allowing them to view or manipulate surveillance feeds and settings. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 4.6 (medium severity), with the vector indicating network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), requiring low privileges (PR:L), user interaction (UI:R), unchanged scope (S:U), and low impact on confidentiality and integrity (C:L/I:L) with no impact on availability (A:N). The vulnerability is classified under CWE-384 (Session Fixation). No public exploits are currently known, and no official patches or vendor project details were provided in the source information. The attack requires the attacker to have some level of access to set the session cookie (low privileges) and requires the victim to interact (e.g., log in) for the attack to succeed.

For European organizations using ZoneMinder for video surveillance, this vulnerability could allow attackers to hijack user sessions, leading to unauthorized access to live camera feeds, recorded footage, and system configurations. This compromises the confidentiality and integrity of surveillance data, potentially enabling espionage, privacy violations, or manipulation of security monitoring. While availability is not directly impacted, the breach of surveillance integrity can undermine physical security operations. Sectors such as critical infrastructure, transportation, government facilities, and private enterprises relying on ZoneMinder for security monitoring are at risk. The medium severity score reflects that exploitation requires some attacker privileges and user interaction, limiting the ease of exploitation but still posing a significant risk if exploited. The absence of known exploits suggests limited active targeting currently, but the vulnerability remains a concern due to the sensitive nature of surveillance data and the potential for lateral movement within networks after session hijacking.

1. Immediate mitigation should include upgrading ZoneMinder to a version beyond 1.36.12 once a patch addressing CVE-2022-30769 is released. In the absence of an official patch, organizations should consider applying custom session management controls or patches from the community if available. 2. Implement strict session management policies, including regenerating session IDs upon login to prevent fixation. 3. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) to detect and block suspicious session cookie manipulations. 4. Enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) to reduce the impact of session hijacking. 5. Monitor logs for unusual session activity, such as multiple logins from the same session ID or unexpected session cookie values. 6. Limit network exposure of ZoneMinder interfaces by restricting access to trusted IPs and using VPNs for remote access. 7. Educate users about the risks of session fixation and encourage cautious behavior regarding session links and cookies. 8. Regularly audit and review session management implementations within ZoneMinder configurations to ensure best practices are followed.