CVE-2022-32939 is a high-severity vulnerability affecting Apple iOS and iPadOS operating systems. The vulnerability arises from insufficient bounds checking in the kernel, which could allow a malicious app to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges. Kernel privileges represent the highest level of access in the operating system, enabling an attacker to bypass security controls, escalate privileges, and potentially take full control of the device. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-119, indicating a classic buffer overflow or improper bounds check issue. Exploitation requires local access to the device and user interaction, as the attacker must convince the user to install or run a malicious app. The vulnerability was addressed by Apple through improved bounds checks and fixed in iOS 15.7.1, iPadOS 15.7.1, iOS 16.1, and corresponding iPadOS versions. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.8, reflecting high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with low attack complexity but requiring user interaction and local access. No known exploits in the wild have been reported to date, but the potential for privilege escalation makes this a critical risk if exploited.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2022-32939 can be significant, especially for those relying on iOS and iPadOS devices for sensitive communications, data processing, or operational tasks. Successful exploitation could lead to full device compromise, exposing confidential corporate data, enabling espionage, or facilitating lateral movement within enterprise networks. The ability to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges undermines the security model of iOS/iPadOS, potentially allowing attackers to install persistent malware, intercept encrypted communications, or disable security features. This is particularly concerning for sectors such as finance, government, healthcare, and critical infrastructure, where mobile devices are often used for secure access and sensitive operations. The requirement for user interaction limits mass exploitation but targeted attacks against high-value individuals or organizations remain a realistic threat. Additionally, compromised devices could be used as entry points for broader cyberattacks against European enterprises.

European organizations should prioritize updating all iOS and iPadOS devices to the fixed versions (iOS 15.7.1, iPadOS 15.7.1, iOS 16.1, and later). Beyond patching, organizations should enforce strict mobile device management (MDM) policies to control app installation, restricting devices to only trusted app stores and vetted applications. Implementing application whitelisting and restricting sideloading can reduce the risk of malicious apps exploiting this vulnerability. User awareness training should emphasize the risks of installing untrusted apps and the importance of prompt system updates. Network segmentation and monitoring for unusual device behavior can help detect compromised devices early. For high-risk environments, consider deploying endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of monitoring iOS/iPadOS devices for signs of kernel-level compromise. Finally, organizations should maintain an inventory of all Apple devices and ensure compliance with patch management policies to minimize exposure.