CVE-2025-3751 is a high-severity SQL Injection vulnerability (CWE-89) identified in TIBCO Software Inc's TIBCO ActiveMatrix BusinessWorks version 5.16.1. This vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands, allowing an attacker to inject malicious SQL code into database queries executed by the affected component. Exploitation of this flaw can lead to unauthorized access to the underlying database, potentially exposing sensitive information such as confidential business data, user credentials, or intellectual property. The CVSS 4.0 base score of 7 reflects a high severity, with an attack vector of network (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:L indicates low privileges, but some privileges are needed), and user interaction required (UI:P). The vulnerability impacts confidentiality significantly (VC:H), with limited impact on integrity (VI:L) and availability (VA:L). The scope is unchanged, meaning the vulnerability affects only the vulnerable component without impacting other components. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the presence of user interaction and low privileges required means that phishing or social engineering could facilitate exploitation. The vulnerability is specific to version 5.16.1 of TIBCO ActiveMatrix BusinessWorks, a widely used integration and business process management platform that connects various enterprise applications and services. Given the critical role of this product in enterprise environments, successful exploitation could compromise backend databases, leading to data breaches and operational disruptions.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability could be significant, especially for those relying on TIBCO ActiveMatrix BusinessWorks for critical business process integration. Unauthorized database access could lead to exposure of sensitive personal data protected under GDPR, resulting in regulatory penalties and reputational damage. Additionally, compromised data integrity or confidentiality could disrupt business operations, affect supply chains, or expose intellectual property. The requirement for user interaction suggests that phishing campaigns targeting employees could be a vector, increasing the risk in environments with less mature security awareness. The vulnerability's exploitation could also facilitate lateral movement within networks, potentially escalating to broader compromises. Given the interconnected nature of European enterprises and the importance of data privacy, this vulnerability poses a tangible risk to confidentiality and operational stability.

Organizations should prioritize updating TIBCO ActiveMatrix BusinessWorks to a patched version once available from the vendor, as no patch links are currently provided. In the interim, implement strict input validation and sanitization on all user inputs interfacing with SQL queries within the affected application workflows. Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the vulnerable component. Enhance monitoring and logging of database queries to identify anomalous activities indicative of injection attempts. Conduct targeted security awareness training focusing on phishing and social engineering to reduce the risk of user interaction-based exploitation. Network segmentation should be enforced to limit access to the TIBCO environment and its databases, minimizing the attack surface. Finally, perform regular security assessments and penetration testing to identify and remediate injection vulnerabilities proactively.