CVE-2025-7581 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the code-projects Voting System, specifically within the /admin/positions_edit.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'ID' parameter, which is manipulated by an attacker to inject malicious SQL code. This injection can lead to unauthorized access or modification of the backend database. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without requiring user interaction, but it does require low-level privileges (PR:L) on the system, indicating that some form of authentication or limited access is necessary to exploit it. The CVSS 4.0 score is 5.3, categorized as medium severity, reflecting that while the attack vector is network-based and the attack complexity is low, the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is limited to low. The vulnerability does not require user interaction and does not affect system confidentiality, integrity, or availability at a high level, but it still poses a risk of data leakage or unauthorized data manipulation within the voting system's database. No public exploits are currently known in the wild, and no patches have been officially released. The vulnerability disclosure date is July 14, 2025.

For European organizations using the code-projects Voting System 1.0, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access or manipulation of voting data, potentially undermining the integrity of election or polling processes. This could result in loss of trust, reputational damage, and legal consequences, especially under stringent data protection regulations like GDPR. The impact is particularly significant for organizations involved in political, corporate, or community voting where data accuracy and confidentiality are critical. Since the vulnerability requires some level of authenticated access, insider threats or compromised credentials could facilitate exploitation. The medium severity rating suggests that while the risk is not critical, it is non-negligible and warrants prompt attention to prevent potential data breaches or manipulation.

European organizations should immediately audit their use of the code-projects Voting System 1.0 and restrict access to the /admin/positions_edit.php functionality to trusted administrators only. Implementing strict input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements for the 'ID' parameter is essential to prevent SQL injection. If possible, upgrade to a newer, patched version of the software once available. In the interim, deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the vulnerable endpoint can reduce risk. Monitoring logs for unusual database queries or access patterns related to the 'positions_edit.php' page is recommended to detect potential exploitation attempts early. Additionally, enforcing strong authentication mechanisms and regularly rotating credentials can mitigate risks associated with the required privilege level for exploitation.