CVE-2022-45337 is a high-severity stack overflow vulnerability identified in the Tenda TX9 Pro router firmware version v22.03.02.10. The vulnerability arises from improper handling of the 'list' parameter in the /goform/SetIpMacBind endpoint. Specifically, the stack overflow (CWE-787) occurs when the input to this parameter exceeds the expected bounds, leading to memory corruption on the device. This flaw can be triggered remotely over the network without requiring any authentication or user interaction, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). Exploiting this vulnerability can cause a denial of service (DoS) by crashing the device or potentially enable an attacker to execute arbitrary code, although the CVSS impact metrics indicate no direct confidentiality or integrity impact but a high impact on availability. The vulnerability affects the Tenda TX9 Pro router, a consumer-grade networking device commonly used to manage home and small office networks. No patches or fixes have been publicly released as of the published date (November 30, 2022), and no known exploits are currently reported in the wild. The vulnerability was reserved by MITRE on November 14, 2022, and enriched by CISA, indicating recognition by authoritative cybersecurity entities. Given the nature of the flaw, attackers could leverage this vulnerability to disrupt network connectivity or potentially pivot into internal networks if further exploitation is possible.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2022-45337 lies in the potential disruption of network availability. Organizations relying on Tenda TX9 Pro routers for internet connectivity or internal network segmentation could experience denial of service conditions, leading to operational downtime and productivity loss. While the vulnerability does not directly compromise confidentiality or integrity, the loss of availability can affect critical business functions, especially for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) or branch offices that may use consumer-grade routers due to budget constraints. Additionally, if exploited as a foothold, attackers might use compromised routers as a launchpad for lateral movement or further attacks within corporate networks. This risk is heightened in environments with weak network segmentation or insufficient monitoring. The absence of authentication and user interaction requirements makes the vulnerability particularly dangerous, as attackers can exploit it remotely without user awareness. This could lead to widespread disruption if attackers conduct automated scanning and exploitation campaigns targeting vulnerable devices across Europe.

1. Immediate Network Segmentation: Isolate Tenda TX9 Pro routers from critical infrastructure and sensitive network segments to limit potential impact. 2. Firmware Updates: Continuously monitor Tenda’s official channels for firmware updates or security advisories addressing this vulnerability and apply patches promptly once available. 3. Access Controls: Restrict remote management access to the router’s web interface, especially the /goform/SetIpMacBind endpoint, by implementing IP whitelisting, VPN access, or disabling remote management if not required. 4. Network Monitoring: Deploy intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with signatures or anomaly detection rules to identify unusual traffic patterns targeting the vulnerable endpoint. 5. Device Replacement: For organizations with high security requirements, consider replacing Tenda TX9 Pro devices with enterprise-grade routers that have stronger security postures and vendor support. 6. Incident Response Preparedness: Develop and test incident response plans to quickly isolate and remediate affected devices in case of exploitation. 7. Vendor Engagement: Engage with Tenda support to request security patches and inquire about mitigation guidance specific to this vulnerability. 8. User Awareness: Educate network administrators about the risks of using consumer-grade routers in enterprise environments and encourage best practices for device hardening.