CVE-2024-12166 identifies a reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Shortcodes Blocks Creator Ultimate plugin for WordPress, versions up to and including 2.2.0. The vulnerability stems from improper neutralization of user-supplied input in the 'page' parameter during web page generation, classified under CWE-79. Specifically, the plugin fails to adequately sanitize and escape this parameter, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary JavaScript code that is reflected back in the HTTP response. This flaw can be exploited remotely by unauthenticated attackers who craft malicious URLs containing the payload in the 'page' parameter and then trick users into clicking these links. Upon execution, the injected scripts run in the context of the victim's browser, potentially enabling session hijacking, credential theft, or unauthorized actions within the affected site. The vulnerability has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.1, indicating medium severity, with attack vector as network, low attack complexity, no privileges required, but requiring user interaction. The scope is changed, meaning the vulnerability affects resources beyond the vulnerable component. No patches or official fixes are currently published, and no known exploits have been observed in the wild. The plugin is widely used in WordPress environments, which are common targets for web-based attacks due to their popularity and extensibility. This vulnerability highlights the importance of rigorous input validation and output encoding in plugin development to prevent injection attacks.

The primary impact of this vulnerability is the compromise of user confidentiality and integrity through the execution of malicious scripts in the context of trusted websites. Attackers can steal session cookies, enabling account takeover or impersonation of legitimate users. They may also perform unauthorized actions on behalf of victims, such as changing settings or injecting further malicious content. Although availability is not directly affected, the reputational damage and potential data breaches can be significant. Organizations running WordPress sites with this plugin are at risk of targeted phishing campaigns leveraging this vulnerability to escalate attacks. The medium CVSS score reflects that exploitation is feasible over the network without authentication but requires user interaction, limiting automated mass exploitation. However, the widespread use of WordPress and the plugin increases the attack surface globally. Failure to address this vulnerability could lead to data breaches, loss of user trust, and regulatory consequences, especially for sites handling sensitive or personal data.

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should immediately update the Shortcodes Blocks Creator Ultimate plugin to a fixed version once it is released by the vendor. Until a patch is available, administrators should consider disabling or removing the plugin if feasible. Implementing Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block malicious payloads targeting the 'page' parameter can reduce risk. Applying strict Content Security Policies (CSP) can limit the execution of unauthorized scripts. Site owners should also review and harden input validation and output encoding practices in custom code and plugins. Educating users to avoid clicking suspicious links can reduce successful exploitation. Regular security audits and monitoring for unusual activity or web traffic patterns can help detect attempted attacks. Backup and incident response plans should be updated to quickly recover from potential compromises. Finally, subscribing to vulnerability advisories and threat intelligence feeds ensures timely awareness of patches and emerging exploits.