CVE-2024-12406 is an SQL Injection vulnerability classified under CWE-89 affecting the owthub Library Management System – Manage e-Digital Books Library WordPress plugin versions up to and including 3.0.0. The vulnerability stems from insufficient escaping and lack of prepared statements for the 'owt7_borrow_books_id' parameter, which is used in SQL queries without proper sanitization. Authenticated attackers with Subscriber-level access or higher can exploit this flaw by injecting additional SQL commands appended to legitimate queries. This can lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information stored in the database, such as user data or library records. The vulnerability does not require user interaction and can be exploited remotely over the network. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 6.5, reflecting a medium severity with network attack vector, low attack complexity, and privileges required. No patches or official fixes have been released at the time of publication, and no active exploitation has been observed. The plugin's widespread use in WordPress environments managing digital libraries makes this a significant concern for affected organizations.

The primary impact of this vulnerability is the potential unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information from the database, which can include user credentials, personal data, and digital library content. This compromises confidentiality but does not directly affect data integrity or availability. Attackers with low-level authenticated access can escalate their capabilities to extract data beyond their privileges, potentially leading to privacy violations, compliance breaches, and reputational damage. Organizations relying on this plugin for managing digital content may face data leakage risks, especially if they have not restricted user roles or monitored database access. Although no active exploitation is reported, the ease of exploitation and network accessibility increase the risk of future attacks. The vulnerability could also be leveraged as a foothold for further attacks within the affected environment.

1. Immediately restrict user roles and permissions to the minimum necessary, especially limiting Subscriber-level users from accessing sensitive functionalities. 2. Implement Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the 'owt7_borrow_books_id' parameter. 3. Monitor database logs and application logs for unusual or suspicious SQL query patterns indicative of injection attempts. 4. If possible, disable or remove the vulnerable plugin until a security patch is released. 5. Encourage the vendor or community to release an update that properly sanitizes inputs using prepared statements or parameterized queries. 6. Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing focusing on SQL injection vectors in WordPress plugins. 7. Educate administrators on the risks of granting unnecessary privileges to low-level users. 8. Employ database-level protections such as limiting database user permissions to reduce the impact of successful injection.