CVE-2024-31490 is an information disclosure vulnerability identified in Fortinet FortiSandbox versions 3.1.5 through 4.4.4. FortiSandbox is a security appliance designed to analyze and detect advanced threats by sandboxing suspicious files and traffic. The vulnerability allows an attacker with low privileges (PR:L) to send crafted HTTP GET requests to the FortiSandbox management interface and retrieve sensitive information that should not be accessible to unauthorized users. The flaw does not require user interaction (UI:N) and can be exploited remotely over the network (AV:N) with low attack complexity (AC:L). The vulnerability impacts confidentiality (C:L) but does not affect integrity or availability. The scope is unchanged (S:U), meaning the impact is limited to the vulnerable component. The CVSS base score is 4.2, reflecting a medium severity level. No known public exploits or active exploitation in the wild have been reported as of the publication date. The vulnerability affects multiple major versions of FortiSandbox, indicating a long-standing issue across product releases. The lack of available patches at the time of reporting suggests organizations must implement interim mitigations such as access restrictions and monitoring. This vulnerability could expose sensitive internal data, potentially aiding attackers in reconnaissance and subsequent attacks against the network or Fortinet infrastructure.

For European organizations, the exposure of sensitive information from FortiSandbox could lead to increased risk of targeted attacks, including lateral movement and privilege escalation, if attackers leverage disclosed data. Organizations relying on FortiSandbox for malware analysis and threat detection may have their internal threat intelligence and sandboxed data exposed, undermining security posture. Critical infrastructure sectors, financial institutions, and large enterprises using FortiSandbox appliances are particularly at risk due to the sensitive nature of the data processed. While the vulnerability does not directly compromise system integrity or availability, the confidentiality breach could facilitate more sophisticated attacks, data theft, or espionage. The medium severity rating indicates a moderate but non-negligible risk, especially in environments where FortiSandbox is exposed to less trusted networks or insufficiently segmented. The lack of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, as attackers may develop exploits based on the disclosed vulnerability details.

1. Immediately restrict network access to FortiSandbox management interfaces, allowing only trusted administrative IP addresses to connect via HTTP/HTTPS. 2. Implement strict firewall rules and network segmentation to isolate FortiSandbox appliances from untrusted networks and limit exposure. 3. Monitor FortiSandbox HTTP logs for unusual GET requests or access patterns that could indicate exploitation attempts. 4. Apply vendor patches or updates as soon as they become available to remediate the vulnerability. 5. Use multi-factor authentication and strong credentials for FortiSandbox administrative access to reduce risk from compromised accounts. 6. Conduct regular vulnerability scans and penetration tests focusing on FortiSandbox appliances to detect potential weaknesses. 7. Educate security teams about this vulnerability to ensure rapid detection and response to any suspicious activity related to FortiSandbox. 8. Consider deploying web application firewalls (WAF) or intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) to detect and block malicious HTTP requests targeting FortiSandbox.