VulnerabilityPublished 3 Nov 2026

CVE-2025-1397: WSO2 Universal Gateway · Missing Authorization

Affects WSO2 Universal GatewaySource CVE Database V5

Compare

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 4.8 Medium : upgrade to 4.5.0.10 when convenient.

Data as of 3 Nov 2026, 06:43 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

4.8Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

Thin evidence

One scorer or none

CVSS scores by source
CNA (WSO2)	CVSS 3.1	4.8

Patch: Available – fixed in 4.5.0.10, 4.4.0.26, 4.3.0.63 +35

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: High
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: Low
Availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: High: A successful attack depends on conditions beyond the attacker's control. That is, a successful attack cannot be accomplished at will, but requires the attacker to invest in some measurable amount of effort in preparation or execution against the vulnerable component before a successful attack can be expected. For example, a successful attack may require an attacker to: gather knowledge about the environment in which the vulnerable target/component exists; prepare the target environment to improve exploit reliability; or inject themselves into the logical network path between the target and the resource requested by the victim in order to read and/or modify network communications (e.g., a man in the middle attack).
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact on the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 3 Nov 2026
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponized: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2 Nov 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponized: A Metasploit exploit module or Exploit-DB entry exists (Metasploit scanner modules do not count), or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Upgrade to a fixed release listed under Affected software.

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
WSO2WSO2 Universal Gateway	Affected >=4.5.0 <4.5.0.10	Fixed in 4.5.0.10
WSO2WSO2 Traffic Manager	Affected >=4.5.0 <4.5.0.10	Fixed in 4.5.0.10
WSO2WSO2 API Manager	Affected >=4.5.0 <4.5.0.10	Fixed in 4.5.0.10
WSO2WSO2 API Manager	Affected >=4.4.0 <4.4.0.26	Fixed in 4.4.0.26
WSO2WSO2 API Manager	Affected >=4.3.0 <4.3.0.63	Fixed in 4.3.0.63
WSO2WSO2 API Manager	Affected >=4.2.0 <4.2.0.150	Fixed in 4.2.0.150

AI-suggested

Fixed versions are available and should be applied to remediate this vulnerability. The affected versions are fixed starting from 4.5.0.10, 4.4.0.26, 4.3.0.63, 4.2.0.150, 4.1.0.211, 4.0.0.335, 3.2.1.50, 3.2.0.414, and 3.1.0.321. Users should upgrade to these or later versions to ensure the vulnerability is addressed. No vendor advisory indicating 'no action required' or alternative mitigations was provided.

Description

CVE-2025-1397 is a missing authorization vulnerability in WSO2 Universal Gateway affecting multiple versions prior to fixed releases. The flaw occurs when using JWT Bearer or SAML2 Bearer grant types, where the system does not verify if the Identity Provider (IDP) is disabled before issuing access tokens. This allows an attacker to obtain access tokens from a disabled IDP, potentially bypassing security controls and accessing protected resources.

Impact

An attacker can obtain access tokens from a disabled Identity Provider, enabling unauthorized access to resources that should be protected by the disabled IDP. The impact is limited to confidentiality and integrity with no reported availability impact. The CVSS score of 4.8 (medium) reflects the network attack vector with high attack complexity and no privileges or user interaction required.

Summary

The vulnerability in WSO2 Universal Gateway arises from failure to validate the status of the Identity Provider (IDP) when issuing access tokens via JWT Bearer or SAML2 Bearer grant types. Specifically, tokens can be generated even if the IDP is disabled, which should normally prevent token issuance. This missing authorization check (CWE-862) could be exploited by an attacker to bypass intended access restrictions tied to the IDP's disabled state. Multiple versions of WSO2 Universal Gateway are affected, with fixes available in versions such as 4.5.0.10, 4.4.0.26, 4.3.0.63, and others as listed in the established facts.

CWE-862Missing Authorization (opens in a new tab)
Class weaknessLikelihood of exploit: HighCWE Top 25 (2025): #4OWASP Top 10 A01:2025: Broken Access Control (opens in a new tab)
The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.
Architecture and Design
Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
Architecture and Design
Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records.
Architecture and Design · Libraries or Frameworks
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Authorization (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V8.3.8 (opens in a new tab)
V13.4.2 (opens in a new tab)
V7.2.2 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4010/ (opens in a new tab)

Community reviews

Loading reviews…

Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 3 Nov 2026, 06:29 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-862

Technical details

References

Community reviews

Related threats