CVE-2025-49463 is a vulnerability identified in Zoom Communications Inc.'s Zoom Clients for iOS versions prior to 6.4.5. The root cause is categorized under CWE-691, which refers to insufficient control flow management. This weakness allows an unauthenticated attacker to potentially disclose sensitive information over the network. Specifically, the vulnerability arises because the affected Zoom client does not properly manage control flow, which can be exploited remotely without requiring any prior authentication. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), with low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), but requires some user interaction (UI:R). The scope is unchanged (S:U), and the impact is primarily on confidentiality (C:H), with no impact on integrity (I:N) or availability (A:N). This means that an attacker could gain access to sensitive information from the Zoom client on iOS devices without altering data or disrupting service. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 6.5, indicating a medium severity level. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches or mitigation links are provided in the source data, though the vulnerability is fixed in versions 6.4.5 and later. The vulnerability is significant because Zoom is widely used for communication, including sensitive business and governmental meetings, and iOS devices are common endpoints in enterprise environments. The insufficient control flow management could allow attackers to bypass intended security controls and extract confidential information from the client application during network interactions.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-49463 could be considerable, especially for sectors relying heavily on Zoom for secure communications, such as finance, healthcare, government, and critical infrastructure. The confidentiality breach could expose sensitive meeting content, credentials, or other private data transmitted or cached by the Zoom iOS client. Since the vulnerability can be exploited without authentication, attackers could target users remotely, increasing the risk of espionage, data leakage, or competitive intelligence gathering. The requirement for user interaction (UI:R) suggests that some form of user action, such as clicking a link or joining a malicious meeting, might be needed, which could be leveraged in phishing or social engineering campaigns. The lack of impact on integrity and availability limits the threat to data exposure rather than system disruption or data manipulation. However, the reputational damage and regulatory consequences under GDPR for data breaches could be significant. Organizations with mobile workforces using iOS devices are particularly at risk, as the vulnerability targets the iOS Zoom client specifically. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the potential for future exploitation.

European organizations should prioritize updating Zoom Clients for iOS to version 6.4.5 or later, where this vulnerability is addressed. Until updates can be deployed, organizations should implement network-level controls such as restricting access to Zoom services from untrusted networks and monitoring for suspicious network activity related to Zoom traffic. User awareness training should emphasize caution with unsolicited meeting invites or links to reduce the risk of user interaction exploitation. Employing mobile device management (MDM) solutions can enforce application updates and restrict installation of vulnerable versions. Additionally, organizations should review and enhance their incident detection capabilities to identify potential information disclosure attempts via Zoom clients. Where possible, sensitive meetings should avoid using the iOS Zoom client or use alternative secure communication tools until the patch is applied. Finally, organizations should ensure compliance with GDPR by documenting the vulnerability management process and preparing incident response plans for potential data breaches.