VulnerabilityPublished 14 Jul 2025

CVE-2025-51651: Mccms · An Authenticated Arbitrary File Download

Affects MccmsSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 5.5 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 17:16 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

5.5Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 13% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Required
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: Low
Availability: Low

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: Low: The attacker is authorized with (i.e., requires) privileges that provide basic user capabilities that could normally affect only settings and files owned by a user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges may have the ability to cause an impact only to non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction: Required: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires a user to take some action before the vulnerability can be exploited.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact on the impacted component.
Availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the impacted component are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 14 Jul 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
GitHuby4y17/Mccms`pkg:github/y4y17/Mccms`Other threats	Affected =2.7.0	Fixed in–

Check your own hosts for these packages with threat-finder (opens in a new tab), our free open-source scanner.

AI-suggested

Immediately restrict access to the /admin/Backups.php endpoint to only trusted administrators and limit authentication to strong, multi-factor methods to reduce the risk of credential compromise.
Implement strict input validation and sanitization at the web application firewall (WAF) or reverse proxy level to detect and block suspicious GET requests targeting file download parameters.
Monitor web server logs and application logs for unusual file download requests or access patterns indicative of exploitation attempts.
If possible, disable or restrict backup functionality temporarily until a patch is available.
Conduct a thorough audit of user accounts with administrative access to ensure no unauthorized users exist and enforce strong password policies.
Segregate the Mccms server from critical internal networks to limit lateral movement in case of compromise.
Stay updated with vendor advisories for patches or official mitigations and plan for prompt application once available.
Consider deploying file integrity monitoring to detect unauthorized changes or downloads of sensitive files. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on access control hardening, proactive detection, and network segmentation tailored to the specifics of this vulnerability.

Description

An authenticated arbitrary file download vulnerability in the component /admin/Backups.php of Mccms v2.7.0 allows attackers to download arbitrary files via a crafted GET request.

Impact

For European organizations using Mccms v2.7.0, this vulnerability poses a risk of sensitive data exposure, which can undermine confidentiality and potentially integrity if attackers leverage the obtained information to further compromise systems. The arbitrary file download capability can lead to leakage of critical files such as database credentials, private keys, or internal configuration files, enabling attackers to escalate privileges or pivot within the network. This is particularly concerning for organizations handling personal data under GDPR, as unauthorized data disclosure could result in regulatory penalties and reputational damage. The requirement for authentication reduces the attack surface but does not eliminate risk, especially if credential theft or weak authentication mechanisms exist. The lack of a patch means organizations must rely on detection and mitigation strategies until an official fix is released. Additionally, attackers could use this vulnerability as a stepping stone for more advanced attacks, increasing the overall threat level to European enterprises relying on Mccms for content management or web services.

CWE-598Use of HTTP Request With Sensitive Query String (opens in a new tab)
Variant weaknessOWASP Top 10 A06:2025: Insecure Design (opens in a new tab)
The web application uses an HTTP method to process a request, but the request includes sensitive information in the query string.
Implementation
When sending sensitive information, only include it in the request body or request headers instead of the query string. This may require avoiding use of GET requests.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Server Side Request Forgery Prevention (opens in a new tab)
Web Service Security (opens in a new tab)
Secure Design Principles (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V3.1.1 (opens in a new tab)
V13.1.3 (opens in a new tab)
V8.3.4 (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

github.com/Y4y17/CVE/blob/main/Arbitrary%20file%20download%20vulnerability.md (opens in a new tab)

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 14 Jul 2025, 17:19 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-598

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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