VulnerabilityPublished 9 Mar 2026Updated 11 Mar 2026

CVE-2025-70032: Sunbird-Ed SunbirdEd-portal · Open Redirect

Source CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 6.1 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 17:16 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

6.1Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 16% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Scope: Changed
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: Low
Availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: Required: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires a user to take some action before the vulnerability can be exploited.
Scope: Changed: An exploited vulnerability can affect resources beyond the security scope managed by the security authority of the vulnerable component. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are different and managed by different security authorities.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact on the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 9 Mar 2026
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

AI-suggested

Implement strict input validation and output encoding on URL parameters to prevent open redirects.
Use allowlists for redirect destinations, ensuring that only trusted internal URLs are permitted.
Educate users to recognize suspicious URLs and avoid clicking on unexpected links, especially those received via email or messaging platforms.
Deploy web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block malicious redirect attempts targeting SunbirdEd portals.
Monitor web server logs for unusual redirect patterns or spikes in URL redirection activity.
Until an official patch is released, consider disabling or restricting URL redirection features if feasible.
Encourage users to verify URLs before clicking and to report suspicious behavior to IT security teams.
Coordinate with SunbirdEd vendors or community to obtain updates or patches promptly once available.
Apply network-level URL filtering to block access to known malicious domains that could be used in redirection attacks.

Description

CVE-2025-70032 is a medium severity vulnerability classified as CWE-601, involving URL redirection to untrusted sites in Sunbird-Ed SunbirdEd-portal version 1.13.4. The flaw allows an attacker to craft malicious URLs that redirect users to potentially harmful external websites, exploiting user interaction without requiring authentication. This can lead to phishing attacks, credential theft, or malware distribution. The vulnerability has a CVSS score of 6.1, indicating moderate impact on confidentiality and integrity but no impact on availability. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been published yet. Organizations using SunbirdEd-portal should be aware of this risk and implement mitigations to reduce exposure. Countries with significant deployments of SunbirdEd, especially those with large educational technology sectors, are at higher risk.

Impact

The primary impact of this vulnerability is the potential for attackers to conduct phishing attacks by redirecting users from a trusted SunbirdEd portal to malicious websites. This can lead to credential theft, unauthorized access, or malware infection. The integrity of user sessions and data can be compromised if users are tricked into submitting sensitive information on attacker-controlled sites. Although availability is not affected, the reputational damage to organizations using SunbirdEd can be significant if users lose trust in the platform's security. Educational institutions and organizations relying on SunbirdEd for learning management or collaboration may face increased risk of social engineering attacks. The vulnerability's ease of exploitation without authentication and the requirement for user interaction mean that widespread automated exploitation is less likely, but targeted attacks remain a concern. The absence of known exploits in the wild provides a window for mitigation before active attacks emerge.

Summary

CVE-2025-70032 identifies a vulnerability in Sunbird-Ed SunbirdEd-portal version 1.13.4 related to CWE-601, which is an open redirect flaw. This vulnerability allows attackers to manipulate URL parameters to redirect users to untrusted external sites. The attack vector is network-based with low attack complexity, requiring no privileges but necessitating user interaction to follow the malicious link. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality and integrity by potentially enabling phishing, social engineering, or malware delivery through trusted domain redirection. The scope is changed (S:C) because the vulnerability affects resources beyond the vulnerable component by redirecting users externally. The CVSS vector indicates no impact on availability. No patches or known exploits are currently available, but the vulnerability is publicly disclosed and should be addressed proactively. The flaw is particularly concerning in educational environments where SunbirdEd is deployed, as users may be less cautious and more susceptible to phishing. The lack of authentication requirement and ease of exploitation through crafted URLs make this a moderate risk. Organizations should monitor for suspicious URL redirection patterns and educate users about the risks of clicking unknown links.

CWE-601URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: LowOWASP Top 10 A01:2025: Broken Access Control (opens in a new tab)
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
Implementation · Input Validation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
Architecture and Design
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Architecture and Design · Enforcement by Conversion
When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Mass Assignment (opens in a new tab)
Authorization (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V5.1.5 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
Cross-Site Flashing (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 17 Mar 2026, 19:07 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-601

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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