This vulnerability (CVE-2026-12283) involves improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands (CWE-89) within the AWS Athena Query Federation feature, specifically the Synapse connector. A malicious user with access to an Azure Synapse account can create a table with a crafted name that triggers unintended data disclosure when queried through Athena. The affected versions are >=2022.20.1 and <=2026.19.1. AWS Athena is a serverless query service that allows querying data in Amazon S3 and external sources. The vulnerability impacts the Synapse connector component of Athena Query Federation. AWS provides a security bulletin for further details and manages patching for this cloud service.

The vulnerability allows a user with Azure Synapse access to craft table names that cause Athena queries to return unintended data, potentially exposing sensitive information. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.1 (medium severity), indicating a moderate risk of data exposure without user interaction and requiring high privileges on the Azure Synapse account. There is no indication of remote code execution or privilege escalation beyond data disclosure. No known exploits in the wild have been reported.

AWS manages remediation for this vulnerability in its cloud-hosted Athena service. Users should refer to the AWS Security Bulletin (https://aws.amazon.com/security/security-bulletins/2026-059-aws/) for the latest updates and ensure their Athena Query Federation service is updated to a version later than 2026.19.1 where the issue is fixed. Since this is a cloud service, AWS applies patches server-side; customers should verify their environment is using the patched service version. No additional user action is required beyond following AWS guidance.