Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs bug fix and enhancement update
Affects Red Hat Product Security Red HatSource GCVE Database
Mentioned vulnerabilities
Not known to be exploited · CVSS 5.9 Medium · fixed in 1.25.2 : update Red Hat Product Security Red Hat when convenient.
Data as of 10/25/2026, 09:03:59 UTC
- Exploitation
Not in CISA KEV, no exploitation reported
- EPSS
- 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 16% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.
- Patch
- Available – fixed in 1.25.2
What to do
Affected software
| Product | Affected | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| Red Hat Product Security Red Hat | Affected
| Fixed in– |
AI-suggested
Red Hat has released updated RPM packages for Unbound and related components as part of the Red Hat Hardened Images update. Users should apply these updates following Red Hat's official guidance at https://images.redhat.com/. Since Red Hat's supported Unbound versions do not include DNSCrypt support, the specific denial of service vulnerability (CVE-2026-40691) does not affect them. No additional mitigations are specified in the advisory. Patch status for all CVEs is not explicitly confirmed; users should monitor Red Hat advisories for updates.
Description
This update for unbound fixes the following issues: Update to version 1.25.2. Security issues fixed: - CVE-2026-14586: DoS via assertion in `libngtcp2` for DNS-over-QUIC environments with high concurrency (bsc#1271879). - CVE-2026-32665: Remote DNS-over-QUIC denial of service due to `quic-size` budget bypass (bsc#1271873). - CVE-2026-40691: DoS due to heap overflow via single bad DNSCrypt query over TCP (bsc#1271875). - CVE-2026-41637: Degradation of resolution service due to improperly accounted client-terminated DNS-over-QUIC queries (bsc#1271891). - CVE-2026-42955: Ghost domain window can be extended by up to one cached TTL configured value for A/AAAA glue records (bsc#1271892). - CVE-2026-44621: Libunbound applications configured with `unwanted-reply-threshold` could eventually be abruptly terminated (bsc#1271876). - CVE-2026-44687: Off-by-one error in `harden-below-nxdomain` logic can shadow a stub/forward zone by a legitimate parent's `NXDOMAIN` (bsc#1271893). - CVE-2026-44690: Cross-zone wildcard cache poisoning via `RRSIG.labels` manipulation (bsc#1271877). - CVE-2026-46582: Replay of a wildcard `rrset` as another piece of data triggers poisoning in the server expired reply path (bsc#1271894). - CVE-2026-50045: `max-global-quota` bypass via single client queries for a deeply nested name under a DNSSEC-signed parent (bsc#1271878). - CVE-2026-50046: Possible heap use-after-free in an error path when a DoT forwarded query is jostled out (bsc#1271882). - CVE-2026-50243: `response-ip`/`rpz` can rewrite BOGUS answers instead of returning SERVFAIL (bsc#1271880). - CVE-2026-50248: BOGUS configured primary hostname accepted for XFR in auth/rpz zones (bsc#1271881). - CVE-2026-50251: Attacker supplied `0.0.0.0`/`::` glue triggers defensive full-cache flush (bsc#1271883). - CVE-2026-50252: Possible cache poisoning attack by mapping source port population per thread (bsc#1271884). - CVE-2026-54478: DNS Cookie bypass when proxy-protocol with with `answer-cookie:yes` is used (bsc#1271895). - CVE-2026-55708: Privacy/configuration issue when adding local data in views through `unbound-control` (bsc#1271896). - CVE-2026-55717: `serve-expired-client-timeout` and `response-ip` CNAME redirect could lead to a crash (bsc#1271886). - CVE-2026-55973: DoS due to stack overflow triggered crash when `dns-error-reporting: yes` is set (bsc#1271874). - CVE-2026-55990: Crash via crafted client UDP query due to DNSCrypt faulty configuration (bsc#1271887). - CVE-2026-55991: Remote DNS-over-QUIC (DoQ) flow-control reacheable assertion failure in `libngtcp2` (bsc#1271888). - CVE-2026-56416: Possible heap buffer overflow when validator canonicalizes RDATA that contains domain name (bsc#1271889). - CVE-2026-56444: Degradation of resolution service when `discard-timeout` and `serve-expired-client-timeout` are combined in unusual configuration (bsc#1271890). Other updates and bugfixes: - Version 1.25.2: + Features: * TTL behavior changes: cached records reaching TTL 0 are expired; TTL 0 upstream answers are no longer cached by cachedb; serve-expired-reply-ttl is now capped by the original TTL value; TTL decoding updated to adhere to RFC 8767 section 4 * Add new statistics: num.queries.replyaddr_limit and requestlist.current.replies * Add 'log-thread-id' configuration option to log the system-wide Linux thread ID for easier debugging * Add ECC-GOST12 support per RFC 9558 (available as contrib/gost12.patch) * Allow synthesized DNAME TTL=0 to be served from cache within a 1-second grace period, reducing recursion for TTL=0 DNAMEs (RFC 2308) * Fix DoT/DoH/DoQ to reload certificates on config reload without requiring a full restart; fast_reload now supports changes to tls-service-key, tls-service-pem and tls-cert-bundle * Allow ip@port notation in control-interface configuration * Add iter-scrub-rrsig option (default: 8) to limit the number of RRSIGs processed by the scrubber * Add 'tls-protocols' configuration option to select which TLS protocol versions are used; TLSv1.2 is re-enabled by default * Add pthread_setname_np support for named threads + Bug Fixes: * Fix handle leak in pythonmod on pythonmod_init * Fix crash when mesh_detect_cycle_found() is called with no mesh state * Fix modstack_call_init to use the original string when it has changed * Fix fr_atomic_copy_cfg * Fix auth-zone empty label for $ORIGIN when downloading via HTTP * Fix respip and dns64 to be usable simultaneously; RPZ now works with DNS64 * Fix HTTPS and QUIC not being enabled when port is listed in interface-automatic-ports * Allow wait-limit-cookie: 0 to disable cookie-validated wait limits * Fix FIPS mode in OpenSSL causing unit test failure * Fix discard-timeout to only drop UDP, not stream connections * Reply with SERVFAIL when the wait-limit is exceeded * A
Impact
The primary impact is denial of service caused by a remote attacker sending crafted DNSCrypt queries to Unbound servers built with DNSCrypt support, leading to a server crash and disruption of DNS services. This could prevent legitimate users from resolving DNS queries. However, Red Hat's supported Unbound versions are not compiled with DNSCrypt support, so they are not affected by this specific vulnerability. Other listed CVEs may have varying impacts, but details are not provided in this advisory. No known active exploitation has been reported.
Summary
This Red Hat security advisory (RHSA-2026:43588) covers a bug fix and enhancement update for Red Hat Hardened Images RPMs, including multiple Unbound packages (version 1.25.2-0.1.hum1). Among the addressed issues is CVE-2026-40691, a denial of service vulnerability in Unbound when configured with DNSCrypt support. A remote attacker can send a crafted DNSCrypt query over TCP to trigger a heap overflow, causing a server crash and disrupting DNS resolution. Red Hat states that their supported Unbound builds do not include DNSCrypt support, so this vulnerability does not impact those versions. The advisory lists numerous other CVEs addressed by this update but does not explicitly confirm patch availability for all. The update RPMs are available for aarch64 and x86_64 architectures. Red Hat recommends applying the update as detailed on their images portal. No known exploits in the wild have been reported.
Weaknesses
- CWE-617Reachable Assertion (opens in a new tab)
Base weakness
The product contains an assert() or similar statement that can be triggered by an attacker, which leads to an application exit or other behavior that is more severe than necessary.
- CWE-125Out-of-bounds Read (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessCWE Top 25 (2025): #8
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
- CWE-770Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: HighCWE Top 25 (2025): #25
The product allocates a reusable resource or group of resources on behalf of an actor without imposing any intended restrictions on the size or number of resources that can be allocated.
- CWE-911Improper Update of Reference Count (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: Medium
The product uses a reference count to manage a resource, but it does not update or incorrectly updates the reference count.
- CWE-354Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: Medium
The product does not validate or incorrectly validates the integrity check values or "checksums" of a message. This may prevent it from detecting if the data has been modified or corrupted in transmission.
- CWE-358Improperly Implemented Security Check for Standard (opens in a new tab)
Base weakness
The product does not implement or incorrectly implements one or more security-relevant checks as specified by the design of a standardized algorithm, protocol, or technique.
- CWE-416Use After Free (opens in a new tab)
Variant weaknessLikelihood of exploit: HighCWE Top 25 (2025): #7
The product reuses or references memory after it has been freed. At some point afterward, the memory may be allocated again and saved in another pointer, while the original pointer references a location somewhere within the new allocation. Any operations using the original pointer are no longer valid because the memory "belongs" to the code that operates on the new pointer.
- CWE-835Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop') (opens in a new tab)
Base weakness
The product contains an iteration or loop with an exit condition that cannot be reached, i.e., an infinite loop.
- CWE-1098Data Element containing Pointer Item without Proper Copy Control Element (opens in a new tab)
Base weakness
The code contains a data element with a pointer that does not have an associated copy or constructor method.
- CWE-303Incorrect Implementation of Authentication Algorithm (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessOWASP Top 10 A07:2025: Authentication Failures (opens in a new tab)
The requirements for the product dictate the use of an established authentication algorithm, but the implementation of the algorithm is incorrect.
- CWE-805Buffer Access with Incorrect Length Value (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: High
The product uses a sequential operation to read or write a buffer, but it uses an incorrect length value that causes it to access memory that is outside of the bounds of the buffer.
- CWE-190Integer Overflow or Wraparound (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: Medium
The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.
- CWE-772Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: High
The product does not release a resource after its effective lifetime has ended, i.e., after the resource is no longer needed.
- CWE-406Insufficient Control of Network Message Volume (Network Amplification) (opens in a new tab)
Class weakness
The product does not sufficiently monitor or control transmitted network traffic volume, so that an actor can cause the product to transmit more traffic than should be allowed for that actor.
- CWE-193Off-by-one Error (opens in a new tab)
Base weakness
A product calculates or uses an incorrect maximum or minimum value that is 1 more, or 1 less, than the correct value.
- CWE-348Use of Less Trusted Source (opens in a new tab)
Base weakness
The product has two different sources of the same data or information, but it uses the source that has less support for verification, is less trusted, or is less resistant to attack.
- CWE-345Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity (opens in a new tab)
Class weaknessOWASP Top 10 A08:2025: Software or Data Integrity Failures (opens in a new tab)
The product does not sufficiently verify the origin or authenticity of data, in a way that causes it to accept invalid data.
MITRE discourages mapping vulnerabilities to this broad entry; the root cause is usually a more specific weakness.
- CWE-349Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data (opens in a new tab)
Base weakness
The product, when processing trusted data, accepts any untrusted data that is also included with the trusted data, treating the untrusted data as if it were trusted.
- CWE-213Exposure of Sensitive Information Due to Incompatible Policies (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessOWASP Top 10 A04:2021: Insecure Design (opens in a new tab)
The product's intended functionality exposes information to certain actors in accordance with the developer's security policy, but this information is regarded as sensitive according to the intended security policies of other stakeholders such as the product's administrator, users, or others whose information is being processed.
- CWE-476NULL Pointer Dereference (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: MediumCWE Top 25 (2025): #13OWASP Top 10 A10:2025: Mishandling of Exceptional Conditions (opens in a new tab)
The product dereferences a pointer that it expects to be valid but is NULL.
- CWE-787Name not in the CWE catalogue (opens in a new tab)
References
- access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:43588 (opens in a new tab)
- images.redhat.com (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40691 (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/ (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-55717 (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-56416 (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-50251 (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-41637 (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-52863 (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-55990 (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-42955 (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-55708 (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-50243 (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-50252 (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-46582 (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-56444 (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-55991 (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-50046 (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-54478 (opens in a new tab)
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-14586 (opens in a new tab)
- suse.com/support/security/rating/ (opens in a new tab)
- ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf/opensuse-su-2026_21550-1.json (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271873 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271874 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271875 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271876 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271877 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271878 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271879 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271880 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271881 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271882 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271883 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271884 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271886 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271887 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271888 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271889 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271890 (opens in a new tab)
- bugzilla.suse.com/1271891 (opens in a new tab)
- ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf/suse-su-2026_23050-1.json (opens in a new tab)
- suse.com/support/update/announcement/2026/suse-su-202623050-1/ (opens in a new tab)
- lists.suse.com/pipermail/sle-security-updates/2026-August/028255.html (opens in a new tab)