CVE-2024-27856 is a vulnerability identified in Apple tvOS and other Apple operating systems that stems from improper handling of file processing. Specifically, the vulnerability is classified under CWE-94, which involves code injection or unsafe evaluation of code, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an application to terminate unexpectedly. The vulnerability requires the victim to process a crafted file, which could be delivered through various vectors such as malicious media files, network downloads, or user-initiated file openings. The CVSS 3.1 score of 7.8 reflects a high severity, with an attack vector classified as local (AV:L), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), but requiring user interaction (UI:R). The scope is unchanged (S:U), and the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high (C:H/I:H/A:H). Apple addressed this issue by implementing improved checks in file processing routines across multiple platforms, including macOS Sonoma 14.5, iOS 16.7.8 and 17.5, iPadOS 16.7.8 and 17.5, Safari 17.5, watchOS 10.5, tvOS 17.5, and visionOS 1.2. The vulnerability was reserved in February 2024 and published in January 2025. No public exploits have been reported yet, but the nature of the vulnerability means that exploitation could lead to full system compromise or denial of service on affected devices.

The vulnerability poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals using Apple tvOS and other affected Apple platforms. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code, potentially leading to full device compromise, unauthorized data access, or disruption of services. This could impact confidentiality by exposing sensitive user or organizational data, integrity by allowing unauthorized modification of system or application data, and availability by causing application crashes or device instability. Enterprises relying on Apple TV devices for conferencing, digital signage, or media distribution could face operational disruptions. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged in targeted attacks against high-value individuals or organizations using Apple ecosystems, especially if combined with social engineering to induce user interaction. The lack of required privileges lowers the barrier for exploitation, increasing the threat surface. Although no known exploits exist currently, the high severity and broad platform coverage necessitate urgent attention.

Organizations should immediately apply the latest security updates released by Apple, including tvOS 17.5 and other platform-specific patches mentioned. Beyond patching, restrict the processing of files from untrusted or unknown sources on Apple devices, particularly those running tvOS. Implement network-level controls to block or monitor suspicious file transfers or downloads. Educate users about the risks of opening files from unverified sources and the importance of prompt system updates. Employ endpoint security solutions capable of detecting anomalous behavior related to file processing or code execution on Apple devices. For enterprise environments, consider deploying mobile device management (MDM) solutions to enforce update policies and restrict application permissions. Regularly audit Apple device configurations and logs for signs of exploitation attempts. Finally, maintain an incident response plan tailored to Apple ecosystem devices to quickly address any potential compromise.