CVE-2024-41590 is a buffer overflow vulnerability identified in multiple CGI endpoints of DrayTek Vigor310 network devices running firmware versions through 4.3.2.6. The root cause is the absence of proper bounds checking on parameters received via POST requests, which are subsequently passed to the unsafe strcpy function. Since strcpy does not limit the length of the copied data, an attacker with authenticated access can supply oversized input, causing a buffer overflow. This overflow can overwrite adjacent memory, enabling arbitrary code execution or denial of service. The vulnerability requires authentication but no additional user interaction, making it easier for insiders or compromised accounts to exploit. The CVSS v3.1 score of 8.0 reflects high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with low attack complexity and privileges required. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-121 (Stack-based Buffer Overflow). No patches are currently linked, and no known exploits have been observed in the wild, but the potential for severe impact exists if exploited.

Successful exploitation of CVE-2024-41590 can lead to full compromise of affected DrayTek Vigor310 devices. Attackers can execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the device’s web service, potentially allowing them to intercept or manipulate network traffic, disrupt network availability, or pivot to other internal systems. This threatens the confidentiality of sensitive data traversing the device, the integrity of network configurations, and the availability of network services. Organizations relying on these devices for critical network functions may face operational disruptions, data breaches, or persistent network intrusions. Since the vulnerability requires authentication, insider threats or compromised credentials pose a significant risk. The absence of known exploits currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially given the high severity and ease of exploitation once authenticated.

1. Immediately verify if your DrayTek Vigor310 devices are running firmware versions up to 4.3.2.6 and prioritize upgrading to a fixed version once available from the vendor. 2. Until patches are released, restrict access to the device management interfaces to trusted networks and users only, employing network segmentation and firewall rules to limit exposure. 3. Enforce strong authentication mechanisms and regularly audit user accounts to reduce the risk of credential compromise. 4. Monitor device logs for unusual POST requests to CGI endpoints that could indicate exploitation attempts. 5. Consider disabling or restricting access to vulnerable CGI endpoints if possible via device configuration. 6. Implement network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) with signatures targeting abnormal buffer overflow attempts on DrayTek devices. 7. Maintain an incident response plan to quickly isolate and remediate affected devices if exploitation is suspected.