CVE-2024-44161 is a vulnerability identified in Apple macOS that arises from an out-of-bounds read condition when processing specially crafted texture files. The root cause is insufficient bounds checking during texture processing, classified under CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read). When a malicious texture is processed, it can cause the affected application to terminate unexpectedly, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. This vulnerability does not lead to data disclosure or integrity compromise but impacts availability by crashing apps that handle these textures. The vulnerability affects multiple recent macOS versions, including Ventura 13.7, Sonoma 14.7, and Sequoia 15. Exploitation requires local access with no privileges and user interaction, such as opening or previewing a malicious texture file. Apple has fixed the issue by improving bounds checking in the texture processing code. No public exploits or active attacks have been reported to date. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.5 (medium severity), reflecting the local attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, but requiring user interaction and causing only availability impact. This vulnerability is primarily a stability and reliability concern rather than a direct security breach.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2024-44161 is the potential for denial of service through application crashes when processing malicious texture files. This could disrupt workflows, especially in industries relying on graphic-intensive applications or media processing on macOS platforms. While it does not compromise sensitive data confidentiality or integrity, repeated or targeted exploitation could degrade user productivity and system reliability. Organizations with macOS endpoints in creative, design, or software development sectors may be more affected. Additionally, if exploited in a targeted manner, it could be used as a vector for distraction or to trigger operational disruptions. However, the lack of remote exploitability and no known active exploitation reduce the immediate risk level. Still, unpatched systems remain vulnerable to crashes from crafted files received via email, downloads, or removable media.

To mitigate CVE-2024-44161, European organizations should prioritize deploying the latest macOS security updates, specifically versions Ventura 13.7, Sonoma 14.7, and Sequoia 15 or later, which contain the fix. Restricting the opening or processing of untrusted texture files can reduce exposure; this includes implementing application whitelisting and file type filtering where feasible. Educate users to avoid opening suspicious or unsolicited files, especially those containing textures or graphics from unverified sources. Employ endpoint protection solutions capable of detecting anomalous application crashes or suspicious file formats. For organizations using custom or third-party applications that process textures, verify that these apps are updated and handle texture files safely. Regularly audit macOS systems for compliance with update policies. Network segmentation and least privilege principles can limit the impact of any local exploitation attempts. Monitoring logs for repeated application crashes may help identify exploitation attempts early.