CVE-2024-57639 is a vulnerability identified in the dc_elt_size component of OpenLink Virtuoso OpenSource version 7.2.11, a widely used multi-model database engine. The vulnerability arises from improper input validation and handling of SQL statements, leading to a classic SQL Injection flaw (CWE-89). Attackers can exploit this flaw by crafting malicious SQL queries that cause the database engine to enter an unstable state, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. The attack vector is network-based, requiring no authentication or user interaction, making it highly accessible to remote attackers. While the vulnerability does not compromise confidentiality or availability directly, it impacts the integrity of database operations by disrupting normal processing and potentially corrupting data handling workflows. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 reflects the high severity due to ease of exploitation and the potential operational impact. No patches or official fixes have been linked yet, and no active exploitation has been reported, but the risk remains significant for organizations relying on this version of Virtuoso. The vulnerability underscores the importance of input validation and secure coding practices in database components that parse and execute SQL statements.

The primary impact of CVE-2024-57639 is a denial of service condition caused by crafted SQL statements exploiting the SQL Injection vulnerability in the dc_elt_size component. This can lead to service outages or degraded performance in applications relying on Virtuoso OpenSource 7.2.11, potentially disrupting business operations and critical data processing workflows. Although confidentiality and availability are not directly compromised, the integrity of database operations is at risk, which can affect data reliability and trustworthiness. Organizations with high transaction volumes or critical data workloads may experience significant operational disruptions. The lack of authentication requirements and ease of exploitation increase the risk of widespread attacks, especially in exposed network environments. This vulnerability could be leveraged as part of a larger attack chain to cause cascading failures or to distract from other malicious activities. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the potential for future attacks.

Organizations should immediately assess their use of OpenLink Virtuoso OpenSource version 7.2.11 and plan to upgrade to a patched version once available. In the absence of an official patch, implement strict input validation and sanitization at the application layer to prevent malicious SQL queries from reaching the database engine. Employ network-level protections such as Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) configured to detect and block SQL Injection patterns targeting Virtuoso. Restrict network access to the database server to trusted hosts and use network segmentation to minimize exposure. Monitor database logs and network traffic for unusual query patterns indicative of exploitation attempts. Consider deploying rate limiting or query throttling to reduce the impact of potential DoS attempts. Engage with the vendor or community for updates and apply security advisories promptly. Finally, conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on SQL Injection vectors to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities proactively.