CVE-2025-2418 is an open redirect vulnerability (CWE-601) identified in TR7 Cyber Defense Inc.'s Web Application Firewall (WAF) affecting versions from 4.30 through 16022026. Open redirect vulnerabilities occur when a web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a URL to which the application redirects the user, without sufficient validation. In this case, the WAF improperly validates or sanitizes redirect URLs, allowing attackers to craft URLs that redirect users to malicious, untrusted external sites. This can be exploited in phishing campaigns where attackers lure users into clicking seemingly legitimate links that redirect to fraudulent sites designed to steal credentials or deliver malware. The CVSS 3.1 score of 4.3 reflects a medium severity, with the vector indicating that the attack requires network access (AV:A), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and impacts confidentiality only (C:L), without affecting integrity or availability. The vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction, increasing its risk profile. The vendor was contacted but has not responded, and no patches or mitigations have been published, leaving affected systems exposed. The WAF is a critical security component deployed to protect web applications, so its compromise or misuse can undermine overall security posture. Attackers leveraging this vulnerability can bypass user trust by redirecting to malicious sites, increasing the risk of successful phishing attacks against organizations protected by this WAF.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk primarily through phishing attacks that exploit the open redirect to lead users to malicious websites. Since the affected product is a Web Application Firewall, which is typically deployed to enhance security, the presence of this vulnerability can erode user trust and potentially bypass security controls. Confidentiality may be compromised if users are tricked into divulging sensitive information such as login credentials or financial data. Although the vulnerability does not directly impact system integrity or availability, the indirect consequences of successful phishing—such as account compromise, data breaches, or malware infections—can be severe. Organizations relying on TR7 Cyber Defense Inc.'s WAF may face increased risk of targeted phishing campaigns, especially in sectors with high-value data or regulatory requirements such as finance, healthcare, and government. The lack of vendor response and absence of patches exacerbate the risk, requiring organizations to implement compensating controls. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged in supply chain attacks or to undermine trust in protected web services, impacting business continuity and reputation.

Given the absence of official patches, European organizations should implement specific mitigations to reduce risk. First, review and restrict URL parameters that control redirection within the WAF configuration, applying strict validation or whitelisting of allowed redirect domains. Deploy web application security monitoring to detect suspicious redirect patterns or anomalous traffic indicative of exploitation attempts. Enhance email security by improving phishing detection capabilities, including advanced spam filtering and user training to recognize suspicious links. Consider deploying additional endpoint protection and network-level controls to detect and block connections to known malicious domains. If feasible, isolate or segment the WAF management interfaces to limit exposure. Engage with TR7 Cyber Defense Inc. for updates and monitor threat intelligence feeds for emerging exploits. Finally, conduct regular security awareness campaigns to educate users about the risks of phishing and the importance of verifying URLs before clicking.