CVE-2025-2748 is a stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in Kentico Xperience, a widely used content management system (CMS) platform, affecting versions through 13.0.178. The root cause is the insufficient validation and filtering of files uploaded via the multiple-file upload functionality. This flaw allows attackers to embed malicious scripts within uploaded files, which are then stored on the server and rendered in the context of the web application when accessed by other users. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-79 (Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation) and CWE-434 (Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type). The CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.5 reflects that the attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires no privileges (PR:N), but does require user interaction (UI:R), and impacts confidentiality (C:H) without affecting integrity or availability. Exploiting this vulnerability could enable attackers to steal session cookies, perform actions on behalf of users, or conduct phishing attacks within the trusted domain. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the vulnerability poses a significant risk due to the common use of Kentico Xperience in enterprise web environments. The lack of an official patch at the time of disclosure necessitates immediate mitigation efforts by administrators.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-2748 can be substantial, particularly for those relying on Kentico Xperience for customer-facing websites or internal portals. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information such as session tokens, personal data, or proprietary content, undermining confidentiality. This can result in reputational damage, regulatory penalties under GDPR for data breaches, and potential financial losses. Although the vulnerability does not directly affect system integrity or availability, the indirect consequences of session hijacking or phishing can disrupt business operations and erode user trust. Organizations in sectors like finance, healthcare, e-commerce, and government services are especially at risk due to the sensitive nature of their data and regulatory scrutiny. The medium severity rating suggests that while the vulnerability is not trivial, it is exploitable remotely without authentication, increasing the urgency for mitigation in the European context where digital services are heavily regulated and targeted.

To mitigate CVE-2025-2748 effectively, European organizations should implement a multi-layered approach: 1) Immediately restrict the types of files allowed for upload, permitting only safe and necessary formats (e.g., images with strict MIME type validation). 2) Employ robust server-side input validation and sanitization to neutralize any embedded scripts within uploaded files before storage or rendering. 3) Implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to limit the execution of unauthorized scripts in browsers. 4) Monitor web application logs and user activity for unusual upload patterns or script execution attempts. 5) Educate users about the risks of interacting with untrusted content and encourage reporting of suspicious behavior. 6) Engage with Kentico support or community channels to track the release of official patches and apply them promptly once available. 7) Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules tailored to detect and block XSS payloads targeting the upload functionality. These targeted measures go beyond generic advice and address the specific attack vector and environment of the vulnerability.