CVE-2025-30455 is a vulnerability identified in Apple macOS that allows a malicious application to access private information improperly. The root cause is an information disclosure flaw categorized under CWE-200, where insufficient access control checks enable unauthorized data access. The vulnerability does not require the attacker to have privileges on the system but does require user interaction, such as the user running or installing a malicious app. The affected macOS versions are unspecified but are prior to the patched releases macOS Sequoia 15.4 and macOS Sonoma 14.7.5, where Apple implemented improved checks to prevent unauthorized data access. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.5 (medium), with vector AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N, indicating local attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, user interaction required, unchanged scope, high confidentiality impact, and no impact on integrity or availability. No known exploits have been reported in the wild, suggesting limited active exploitation. The vulnerability primarily threatens confidentiality by allowing private information leakage, which could include sensitive user data or system information. The flaw could be exploited by convincing a user to run a malicious app, which then accesses data it should not be able to read. This vulnerability highlights the importance of strict access control enforcement and user awareness in macOS environments.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information on macOS devices. Organizations with employees using macOS systems, especially in sectors handling confidential data such as finance, healthcare, and government, could face data leakage incidents if malicious apps are executed. The requirement for user interaction limits remote exploitation but does not eliminate risk from social engineering or insider threats. Data breaches could lead to regulatory non-compliance under GDPR, resulting in financial penalties and reputational damage. The impact is primarily on confidentiality, with no direct effect on system integrity or availability. Since the vulnerability requires local access, organizations with strong endpoint security and application control policies may reduce exposure. However, environments with lax controls on software installation or BYOD policies may be more vulnerable. The absence of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not preclude future exploitation attempts.

European organizations should prioritize updating all macOS devices to at least macOS Sequoia 15.4 or macOS Sonoma 14.7.5 to apply the vendor's fix. Implement strict application whitelisting and restrict installation of apps from untrusted sources to reduce the risk of malicious app execution. Educate users about the risks of running unknown or untrusted applications and enforce policies to limit user privileges where feasible. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of monitoring suspicious local app behaviors indicative of data access attempts. Regularly audit macOS systems for unauthorized software and monitor logs for unusual access patterns to sensitive data. Consider deploying mobile device management (MDM) solutions to enforce security configurations and patch compliance. For high-risk environments, isolate macOS devices handling sensitive data and limit network connectivity to reduce lateral movement opportunities. Maintain up-to-date backups and incident response plans to address potential data breaches promptly.