CVE-2025-33188 identifies a critical vulnerability in the NVIDIA DGX Spark GB10 platform, specifically related to improper privilege management (CWE-269) within hardware resource controls. This flaw permits an attacker with local system access to manipulate hardware controls without requiring authentication or user interaction, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). The vulnerability affects all versions prior to the OTA0 update. Exploitation can result in information disclosure, data tampering, and denial of service, impacting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system. The vulnerability arises from insufficient enforcement of privilege boundaries in hardware control mechanisms, allowing unauthorized modification or interference with hardware operations. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the high CVSS score of 8.0 underscores the potential severity. The DGX Spark platform is widely used in high-performance computing and AI workloads, making this vulnerability particularly concerning for environments relying on these systems for sensitive or critical operations. The lack of authentication and user interaction requirements lowers the barrier for exploitation by malicious insiders or attackers with physical or local access. The vulnerability was reserved in April 2025 and published in November 2025, with no patch links currently available, indicating that mitigation efforts should focus on access control and monitoring until official updates are released.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-33188 is significant, especially those utilizing NVIDIA DGX Spark systems in AI research, data centers, and HPC environments. The vulnerability could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive data processed on these platforms, manipulation of critical datasets or computations, and potential denial of service, disrupting operations. This could affect industries such as automotive, aerospace, finance, and scientific research, where DGX Spark systems are deployed for advanced analytics and machine learning. The compromise of hardware controls may also undermine trust in computational results, impacting decision-making and innovation. Additionally, the potential for denial of service could result in costly downtime and recovery efforts. Given the local access requirement, insider threats or attackers gaining physical access pose the greatest risk. The absence of known exploits currently provides a window for proactive defense, but the high severity necessitates urgent attention to prevent future exploitation.

1. Restrict physical and local access to NVIDIA DGX Spark systems strictly to authorized personnel only, employing strong access control mechanisms such as biometric authentication and secure facility controls. 2. Implement continuous monitoring and logging of hardware control interfaces and system activities to detect any unauthorized attempts to manipulate hardware resources. 3. Deploy network segmentation and isolation for DGX Spark systems to limit exposure and lateral movement opportunities within organizational networks. 4. Establish strict operational procedures and personnel training to reduce insider threat risks, emphasizing the sensitivity of hardware control privileges. 5. Regularly review and audit system configurations and privilege assignments to ensure no unauthorized changes have occurred. 6. Monitor NVIDIA advisories closely for the release of OTA0 or subsequent patches addressing this vulnerability and prioritize timely application of these updates. 7. Consider deploying hardware-based security modules or trusted platform modules (TPMs) if supported, to enhance hardware integrity verification. 8. Engage with NVIDIA support and security teams to obtain guidance and early access to patches or mitigations where possible.