The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-48981 affects CompuGroup Medical's CGM MEDICOI product, version 29.0. It stems from an insecure implementation of the proprietary DNET protocol used for communication within the product. The core issue is that encryption for DNET connections is optional rather than mandatory, allowing attackers who have access to the same intranet to intercept (eavesdrop) and manipulate data transmitted over this protocol. Since the protocol handles sensitive medical information, the ability to read or alter this data can lead to breaches of patient confidentiality and potentially impact clinical decisions. The vulnerability does not require external network access or user interaction, but does require the attacker to be within the internal network, which could be achieved through lateral movement or insider threats. No CVSS score has been assigned yet, and no public exploits are known at this time. The lack of encryption enforcement indicates a design flaw that could be exploited to compromise data integrity and confidentiality. The vulnerability was reserved in May 2025 and published in October 2025, indicating recent discovery and disclosure. No patches have been linked yet, suggesting organizations should monitor vendor updates closely. The vulnerability highlights the risks of proprietary protocols that do not enforce strong security controls, especially in healthcare environments where data sensitivity is paramount.

For European organizations, particularly healthcare providers using CGM MEDICOI, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to patient data confidentiality and integrity. Unauthorized interception could lead to exposure of sensitive health information, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations, potentially resulting in legal and financial penalties. Manipulation of medical data could disrupt clinical workflows, cause misdiagnoses, or incorrect treatments, directly impacting patient safety. The requirement for intranet access limits the attack surface but does not eliminate risk, as insider threats or compromised internal devices could exploit this vulnerability. Additionally, the healthcare sector is a frequent target for cyberattacks in Europe, increasing the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The absence of encryption enforcement undermines trust in the product's security posture and could lead to reputational damage for affected organizations. Overall, the vulnerability could disrupt healthcare operations and compromise sensitive data, making it a critical concern for European healthcare entities.

Organizations should immediately assess their CGM MEDICOI deployments to identify affected versions (29.0). Until a vendor patch is released, network segmentation should be enforced to restrict access to the intranet segments where CGM MEDICOI operates, minimizing exposure to unauthorized users. Implement strict access controls and monitoring to detect lateral movement or suspicious activities within the internal network. Where possible, configure the DNET protocol to enforce encryption or disable unencrypted communication channels. Engage with CompuGroup Medical to obtain timelines for patches or updates addressing this vulnerability. Conduct regular security audits and penetration tests focusing on internal network security and proprietary protocol communications. Educate internal staff about insider threat risks and enforce strong endpoint security measures to prevent compromise of devices within the intranet. Finally, prepare incident response plans specific to potential exploitation scenarios involving CGM MEDICOI to ensure rapid containment and remediation.