CVE-2025-49707 is a high-severity vulnerability classified under CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) affecting Microsoft's DCasv5-series Azure Virtual Machines. This vulnerability allows an authorized attacker with high privileges on the affected VM to perform local spoofing attacks. Spoofing in this context likely refers to the attacker being able to impersonate another user, service, or system component within the VM environment, potentially bypassing security controls or gaining unauthorized access to sensitive resources. The vulnerability requires local access with high privileges (PR:H) but does not require user interaction (UI:N). The attack vector is local (AV:L), meaning the attacker must already have some level of access to the VM. The scope is changed (S:C), indicating that the vulnerability affects resources beyond the initially compromised component, potentially impacting confidentiality and integrity at a broader level. The CVSS score of 7.9 reflects a high impact on confidentiality and integrity, with no impact on availability. No known exploits are currently observed in the wild, and no patches have been published yet. The vulnerability was reserved in June 2025 and published in August 2025, indicating recent discovery. The lack of affected version details suggests it may impact all DCasv5-series Azure VMs or that versioning information is not disclosed. Given the nature of Azure VMs, this vulnerability could affect cloud tenants relying on DCasv5-series instances for critical workloads, especially where strict access controls and identity assurances are required.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses significant risks, particularly for enterprises and public sector entities heavily reliant on Microsoft Azure cloud infrastructure. The DCasv5-series VMs are commonly used for general-purpose workloads, including sensitive applications and data processing. An attacker exploiting this vulnerability could impersonate legitimate users or services within the VM, leading to unauthorized data access, privilege escalation, or lateral movement within the cloud environment. This could result in data breaches compromising confidentiality and integrity of sensitive information, including personal data protected under GDPR. The scope change implies that the attacker might affect other components or tenants if multi-tenant isolation is weakened. Although the attack requires local high-privilege access, insider threats or compromised administrative accounts could leverage this flaw to escalate attacks. The absence of known exploits in the wild provides a window for mitigation, but the high CVSS score and potential for serious impact necessitate prompt attention. Disruption of critical services or exposure of confidential data could have regulatory, financial, and reputational consequences for European organizations.

1. Immediate monitoring and auditing of privileged access to DCasv5-series Azure VMs should be implemented to detect unusual activities or privilege escalations. 2. Restrict administrative access to these VMs using just-in-time (JIT) access controls and enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all privileged accounts to reduce risk of credential compromise. 3. Employ Azure Security Center and Azure Defender features to identify and alert on suspicious local activities indicative of spoofing attempts. 4. Segregate workloads and apply the principle of least privilege within the VM environment to limit the potential impact of any local compromise. 5. Regularly review and update role-based access control (RBAC) policies to ensure no excessive privileges are granted unnecessarily. 6. Stay informed on Microsoft’s official updates and apply patches or mitigations as soon as they are released. 7. Consider deploying additional endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions within the VM to detect anomalous behavior related to spoofing or privilege misuse. 8. For critical environments, consider temporary migration to alternative VM series or cloud providers if feasible until a patch is available.