CVE-2025-61075 identifies multiple incorrect access control vulnerabilities in adata Software GmbH's Mitarbeiterportal version 2.15.2.0. The core issue lies in insufficient authorization checks on API endpoints, allowing remote attackers who have authenticated with low privileges to escalate their permissions and execute administrative functions. This includes the ability to manipulate data belonging to other users, effectively breaching confidentiality and integrity boundaries within the application. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-639, which relates to improper authorization. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), with low attack complexity (AC:L), requiring only low privileges (PR:L) and no user interaction (UI:N). The scope remains unchanged (S:U), meaning the impact is confined to the vulnerable component. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 8.1, indicating a high-severity issue primarily affecting confidentiality and integrity, with no impact on availability. Although no public exploits are currently known, the nature of the vulnerability suggests that exploitation could be straightforward for authenticated users. The lack of available patches at the time of disclosure increases the urgency for organizations to implement compensating controls. The vulnerability poses a significant risk to organizations relying on Mitarbeiterportal for employee management and data handling, as unauthorized administrative access can lead to data breaches, unauthorized data modification, and potential compliance violations.

For European organizations, this vulnerability presents a substantial risk to the confidentiality and integrity of employee data managed through the Mitarbeiterportal. Unauthorized administrative access can lead to data manipulation, privacy violations, and potential insider threat scenarios. Given the portal's role in managing sensitive HR information, exploitation could result in regulatory non-compliance under GDPR, leading to legal and financial repercussions. The ability for low-privileged users to escalate privileges undermines internal security controls and could facilitate lateral movement within networks. Organizations in sectors with stringent data protection requirements, such as finance, healthcare, and government, are particularly vulnerable. The absence of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially as attackers may develop exploits post-disclosure. The impact on availability is minimal, but the breach of confidentiality and integrity can severely damage organizational trust and operational security.

Organizations should immediately audit and restrict API access controls within Mitarbeiterportal to ensure that privilege checks are correctly enforced. Implement strict role-based access control (RBAC) policies and validate all API requests against user privileges. Monitor logs for unusual administrative activity initiated by low-privileged accounts. Employ network segmentation to limit access to the portal and use multi-factor authentication (MFA) to reduce the risk of credential compromise. Until an official patch is released, consider deploying web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block unauthorized API calls. Conduct thorough security testing, including penetration tests focusing on access control mechanisms. Educate users about the importance of safeguarding credentials to prevent unauthorized access. Maintain an incident response plan tailored to potential insider threats and privilege escalation scenarios. Once patches become available, prioritize their deployment to remediate the vulnerability definitively.