CVE-2025-61075 is an Incorrect Access Control vulnerability identified in adata Software GmbH's Mitarbeiterportal version 2.15.2.0. The vulnerability allows remote authenticated users with low privileges to bypass intended access restrictions and perform administrative functions, including manipulating data belonging to other users. This is achieved through unauthorized API calls that do not properly enforce privilege checks, effectively enabling privilege escalation within the application. The flaw undermines the principle of least privilege by allowing users to access and modify data and functions beyond their authorization level. Although the vulnerability requires authentication, it does not require administrative credentials, increasing the risk since any authenticated user can exploit it. No public exploits or patches have been reported yet, and no CVSS score has been assigned. The vulnerability affects the confidentiality and integrity of user data and administrative controls, potentially leading to data breaches, unauthorized changes, and disruption of normal operations. The affected software is an employee portal, which typically contains sensitive HR and organizational data, making the impact more severe. The lack of proper access control on API endpoints is a common security weakness that can be exploited to escalate privileges and compromise system integrity.

For European organizations using the affected Mitarbeiterportal software, this vulnerability poses a significant risk of internal data compromise and unauthorized administrative actions. Attackers with low-privileged authenticated accounts could manipulate sensitive employee data, alter administrative settings, or disrupt HR processes, leading to data integrity issues and potential regulatory non-compliance under GDPR. The breach of confidentiality could expose personal employee information, resulting in reputational damage and legal consequences. Additionally, unauthorized administrative changes could impact operational continuity and trust in internal systems. Since the vulnerability requires authentication, the threat is primarily from insider threats or compromised user credentials. However, given the widespread use of employee portals in European enterprises, the scope of affected systems could be substantial. The absence of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the potential for targeted attacks. The impact is heightened in sectors with strict data protection requirements such as finance, healthcare, and public administration.

To mitigate CVE-2025-61075, organizations should: 1) Monitor vendor communications closely and apply security patches or updates as soon as they become available. 2) Conduct a thorough review and hardening of API access controls, ensuring that privilege checks are enforced server-side for all administrative functions. 3) Implement strict role-based access control (RBAC) policies to limit user privileges to the minimum necessary. 4) Audit and monitor user activities, especially administrative actions, to detect anomalous behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. 5) Enforce strong authentication mechanisms and consider multi-factor authentication (MFA) to reduce the risk of credential compromise. 6) Perform internal penetration testing and code reviews focusing on access control mechanisms within the portal. 7) Educate users about the risks of credential sharing and phishing attacks that could lead to account compromise. 8) Isolate the employee portal network segment and restrict access to trusted devices and networks to reduce attack surface.