CVE-2025-61999VulnerabilityPublished 7 Oct 2025Updated 10 Oct 2025

CVE-2025-61999: OPEXUS FOIAXpress · Cross-site Scripting

Affects OPEXUS FOIAXpressSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 4.3 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 06:26 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

4.3Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 15% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: High
User Interaction: Required
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: Low
Availability: Low

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: High: The attacker is authorized with (i.e., requires) privileges that provide significant (e.g., administrative) control over the vulnerable component that could affect component-wide settings and files.
User Interaction: Required: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires a user to take some action before the vulnerability can be exploited.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact on the impacted component.
Availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the impacted component are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 7 Oct 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-26.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
OPEXUS FOIAXpress	Affected =0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

Organizations should immediately upgrade FOIAXpress to version 11.13.3.0 or later once available to apply the official fix. Until patched, restrict the ability to upload or change logo images to only highly trusted administrators and monitor all administrative activities closely. Implement strict input validation and sanitization on SVG uploads, disallowing embedded scripts or potentially executable content. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to limit script execution sources and reduce the impact of injected scripts. Conduct regular audits of uploaded images and web content for malicious code. Educate administrators on the risks of uploading untrusted SVG files and enforce multi-factor authentication to reduce the risk of compromised admin accounts. Finally, monitor logs for unusual user activity and access patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts.

Description

OPEXUS FOIAXpress before 11.13.3.0 allows an administrative user to upload JavaScript or other content embedded in an SVG image used as a logo. Injected content is executed in the context of other users when they view affected pages. Successful exploitation allows the administrative user to perform actions on behalf of the target, including stealing session cookies, user credentials, or sensitive data.

Impact

For European organizations, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive information managed within FOIAXpress, including potentially confidential FOI (Freedom of Information) requests and responses. The ability for an administrative user to inject malicious scripts that execute in other users’ browsers risks session hijacking and credential theft, which could cascade into broader system compromise or data leakage. Given FOIAXpress’s use in managing information requests, exploitation could undermine trust, violate data protection regulations such as GDPR, and cause reputational damage. The requirement for administrative privileges limits the threat to insider threats or compromised admin accounts, but the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data remains significant. Organizations with multiple users accessing FOIAXpress are at higher risk, especially if administrative controls and monitoring are weak.

Summary

CVE-2025-61999 is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability classified under CWE-79 affecting OPEXUS FOIAXpress versions prior to 11.13.3.0. The flaw arises because the application improperly neutralizes input during web page generation, specifically allowing an administrative user to upload SVG images containing embedded JavaScript or other executable content as logos. When other users access pages displaying these logos, the embedded scripts execute within their browser context. This can lead to session cookie theft, credential compromise, or unauthorized actions performed on behalf of the victim user. The vulnerability requires an attacker to have administrative privileges to upload the malicious SVG and requires victims to interact with the affected page, making exploitation more complex. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 4.3, reflecting a medium severity with network attack vector, low attack complexity, high privileges required, and user interaction needed. No public exploits are known at this time, but the vulnerability poses a risk especially in environments where multiple users access FOIAXpress and administrative controls are not tightly managed. The root cause is insufficient input sanitization and output encoding of SVG content uploaded as logos, allowing script injection and execution in other users’ browsers.

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: HighCWE Top 25 (2025): #1OWASP Top 10 A05:2025: Injection (opens in a new tab)
The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.
Architecture and Design · Libraries or Frameworks
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Implementation · Architecture and Design
Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages.
Architecture and Design · Implementation · Attack Surface Reduction
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide…
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Cross Site Scripting Prevention (opens in a new tab)
DOM based XSS Prevention (opens in a new tab)
Injection Prevention (opens in a new tab)
Abuse Case (opens in a new tab)
Deserialization (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V5.3.3 (opens in a new tab)
V1.5.1 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
XSS Using MIME Type Mismatch (opens in a new tab)
DOM-Based XSS (opens in a new tab)
Reflected XSS (opens in a new tab)
Stored XSS (opens in a new tab)
Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 15 Oct 2025, 00:18 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-79

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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