CVE-2025-69235VulnerabilityPublished 30 Dec 2025Updated 31 Dec 2025

CVE-2025-69235: NAVER Whale browser · Origin Validation Error

Affects NAVER Whale browserSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 7.5 High : upgrade to 4.35.351.12 soon.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

7.5High

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.1% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 4% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.
Patch: Available – fixed in 4.35.351.12

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: None
Integrity: High
Availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the impacted component.
Integrity: High: There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the impacted component. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 30 Dec 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Upgrade NAVER Whale browser to 4.35.351.12.

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
NAVER NAVER Whale browser	Affected <4.35.351.12	Fixed in 4.35.351.12

AI-suggested

Immediate mitigation should focus on restricting the loading of untrusted or third-party content within the Whale browser's sidebar environment. Organizations should audit and limit sidebar extensions or embedded web apps to trusted sources only. Users should be advised to avoid using NAVER Whale for sensitive operations until a patched version is released. Network-level controls such as web filtering can block access to malicious sites that might exploit this vulnerability. Monitoring browser update channels and applying the official patch as soon as it becomes available is critical. Security teams should also implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers on web applications to reduce the risk of script injection. Additionally, educating users about the risks of using less common browsers for critical tasks can reduce exposure. For enterprises, deploying endpoint protection solutions capable of detecting anomalous browser behavior may help identify exploitation attempts. Finally, coordinating with NAVER for timely vulnerability disclosures and patches will enhance overall security posture.

Description

Whale browser before 4.35.351.12 allows an attacker to bypass the Same-Origin Policy in a sidebar environment.

Impact

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-69235 lies in the potential compromise of web application integrity when accessed via the NAVER Whale browser. Attackers could exploit this flaw to inject malicious scripts or alter content within the sidebar, potentially leading to unauthorized actions such as session manipulation, phishing, or data tampering. This is particularly concerning for enterprises relying on web-based dashboards, internal tools, or third-party integrations displayed in sidebars. Although confidentiality and availability are not directly impacted, the integrity breach could facilitate further attacks or data corruption. The vulnerability's ease of exploitation without user interaction increases risk, especially in environments where users have elevated privileges or access sensitive information through sidebar apps. European organizations with employees or customers using NAVER Whale may face targeted attacks exploiting this flaw. Additionally, sectors with high regulatory requirements for data integrity, such as finance, healthcare, and government, could suffer reputational and compliance consequences if exploited.

CWE-346Origin Validation Error (opens in a new tab)
Class weaknessOWASP Top 10 A07:2025: Authentication Failures (opens in a new tab)
The product does not properly verify that the source of data or communication is valid.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
OWASP Authentication (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V14.5.2 (opens in a new tab)
V14.5.3 (opens in a new tab)
V1.4.4 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking) (opens in a new tab)
Cache Poisoning (opens in a new tab)
DNS Cache Poisoning (opens in a new tab)
Exploit Script-Based APIs (opens in a new tab)
Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-Middle (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

cve.naver.com/detail/cve-2025-69235.html (opens in a new tab)

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 7 Jan 2026, 00:33 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-346

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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