VulnerabilityPublished 3 Mar 2026

CVE-2026-21866: langgenius dify · Cross-site Scripting

Affects langgenius difySource CVE Database V5

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Not known to be exploited · CVSS 5.1 Medium : upgrade to 1.11.2 when convenient.

Data as of 30 Oct 2026, 11:52 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

5.1Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 16% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.
Patch: Available – fixed in 1.11.2

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Passive
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None
Vulnerable system integrity: None
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: Low
Subsequent system integrity: Low
Subsequent system availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: Low: The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction: Passive: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires limited interaction by the targeted user with the vulnerable system and the attacker’s payload. These interactions would be considered involuntary and do not require that the user actively subvert protections built into the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the Subsequent System.
Subsequent system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Subsequent System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 3 Mar 2026
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponized: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 30 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponized: A Metasploit exploit module or Exploit-DB entry exists (Metasploit scanner modules do not count), or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Upgrade dify and langgenius/dify to 1.11.2.

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
langgeniusdify	Affected <1.11.2	Fixed in 1.11.2
GitHublanggenius/dify`pkg:github/langgenius/dify`Other threats	Affected <1.11.2	Fixed in 1.11.2

Check your own hosts for these packages with threat-finder (opens in a new tab), our free open-source scanner.

AI-suggested

Upgrade Dify installations to version 1.11.2 or later immediately to apply the fix that changes the Mermaid configuration to a secure securityLevel, preventing unsafe script execution.
Review and restrict user permissions to limit who can submit or edit Mermaid diagrams within chats, reducing the attack surface.
Implement input validation and sanitization on Mermaid diagram definitions before rendering, applying additional server-side checks if possible.
Monitor chat logs and user submissions for suspicious Mermaid content or unexpected script tags.
Educate users about the risks of interacting with untrusted chat content and encourage cautious behavior when clicking or viewing diagrams.
Consider deploying Content Security Policy (CSP) headers that restrict script execution sources to mitigate impact if malicious scripts are injected.
Regularly audit and update third-party libraries and dependencies, including Mermaid, to ensure security patches are applied promptly.
Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules tuned to detect and block XSS payloads in chat inputs. These measures collectively reduce the likelihood and impact of exploitation beyond simply upgrading the software.

Description

Dify is an open-source LLM app development platform. Prior to 1.11.2, Dify is vulnerable to a stored XSS issue when rendering Mermaid diagrams within chats. This occurs because Dify’s default Mermaid configuration uses securityLevel: loose, which allows potentially unsafe content to execute. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.11.2.

Impact

The primary impact of CVE-2026-21866 is the potential compromise of user confidentiality and integrity through stored XSS attacks. Attackers can inject malicious scripts into Mermaid diagrams within chat messages, which execute in the browsers of other users viewing those chats. This can lead to session hijacking, theft of authentication tokens, unauthorized actions on behalf of users, or the spread of malware. For organizations relying on Dify for LLM app development and collaboration, this vulnerability could expose sensitive internal communications or user data to attackers. The attack requires low privileges but does require user interaction (viewing the malicious chat content). The scope is limited to users of affected Dify versions and those who access the vulnerable chat interfaces. While availability is not directly impacted, the breach of confidentiality and integrity can have severe consequences, including reputational damage, regulatory penalties, and operational disruption. Since Dify is open-source and used globally, organizations that have not upgraded to version 1.11.2 remain at risk, especially those with collaborative environments where untrusted users can submit Mermaid diagrams. The absence of known exploits in the wild reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, as public disclosure may prompt attackers to develop exploits.

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (Cross-site Scripting) (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: HighCWE Top 25 (2025): #1OWASP Top 10 A05:2025: Injection (opens in a new tab)
The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.
Architecture and Design · Libraries or Frameworks
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Implementation · Architecture and Design
Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages.
Architecture and Design · Implementation · Attack Surface Reduction
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide…
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Cross Site Scripting Prevention (opens in a new tab)
DOM based XSS Prevention (opens in a new tab)
Injection Prevention (opens in a new tab)
Abuse Case (opens in a new tab)
Deserialization (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V5.3.3 (opens in a new tab)
V1.5.1 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
XSS Using MIME Type Mismatch (opens in a new tab)
DOM-Based XSS (opens in a new tab)
Reflected XSS (opens in a new tab)
Stored XSS (opens in a new tab)
Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 11 Mar 2026, 20:13 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-79

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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