CVE-2026-2549VulnerabilityPublished 16 Feb 2026Updated 23 Feb 2026

CVE-2026-2549: zhanghuanhao LibrarySystem 图书馆管理系统 · Improper Access Controls

Affects zhanghuanhao LibrarySystem 图书馆管理系统Source CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 6.9 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 06:26 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

6.9Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.3% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 25% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: Low
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: POC

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the Vulnerable System are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: POC: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · Proof-of-concept is publicly available · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 16 Feb 2026
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-26.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
zhanghuanhaoLibrarySystem 图书馆管理系统	Affected =1.1.0 =1.1.1	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

Until an official patch is released, organizations should implement strict network-level access controls to limit exposure of the LibrarySystem to trusted internal networks only. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) to detect and block suspicious requests targeting the BookController endpoints. Conduct thorough access reviews and enforce the principle of least privilege for all user roles within the system. Monitor logs for unusual access patterns or unauthorized operations related to book management functions. If possible, isolate the affected system from critical infrastructure and sensitive data stores to contain potential breaches. Engage with the vendor or community to track patch releases or updates. Consider deploying intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures tuned for this vulnerability. Finally, educate staff about the risks and signs of exploitation to enable rapid response.

Description

A vulnerability has been found in zhanghuanhao LibrarySystem 图书馆管理系统 up to 1.1.1. This impacts an unknown function of the file BookController.java. The manipulation leads to improper access controls. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

Impact

The vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access or modification of library management data, including book records, user information, and transaction logs. This compromises confidentiality and integrity, potentially exposing sensitive patron data or corrupting the library catalog. Availability could also be affected if attackers disrupt normal operations or cause denial of service. For organizations relying on this system, especially public or academic libraries, this could result in loss of trust, operational disruptions, and compliance issues related to data protection. Since the vulnerability is remotely exploitable without authentication, the attack surface is broad, increasing the likelihood of exploitation. The public disclosure of the exploit further elevates the risk. The impact is particularly significant for libraries with sensitive or regulated data or those integrated with other institutional systems. The medium CVSS score reflects a moderate but non-trivial risk that requires attention.

Summary

CVE-2026-2549 identifies an improper access control vulnerability in the zhanghuanhao LibrarySystem 图书馆管理系统, specifically affecting versions 1.1.0 and 1.1.1. The flaw resides in an unknown function within the BookController.java file, which likely handles book-related operations in the system. Improper access control means that the system fails to adequately restrict user permissions, allowing unauthorized remote attackers to perform actions that should be restricted. The vulnerability requires no authentication or user interaction, making it easier to exploit remotely over a network. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and partial impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (VC:L, VI:L, VA:L). The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation, although no active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. The vendor has been notified but has not yet issued a patch or response. The lack of a patch means that affected organizations must rely on alternative mitigation strategies. The vulnerability could allow attackers to access or modify sensitive library data, disrupt services, or perform unauthorized operations, potentially impacting library users and administrators.

References

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