VulnerabilityPublished 18 Mar 2026Updated 8 Apr 2026

CVE-2026-2991: KiviCare (WordPress plugin) · Improper Authentication

Affects KiviCare (WordPress plugin)Source CVE Database V5

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Not known to be exploited · CVSS 7.3 High.

Data as of 31 Oct 2026, 20:20 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

7.3High

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.4% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 39% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: Low
Availability: Low

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact on the impacted component.
Availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the impacted component are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 18 Mar 2026
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponized: evidence found.
Public exploit code: GitHub proofs of concept
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), GitHub proofs of concept, the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 31 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponized: A Metasploit exploit module or Exploit-DB entry exists (Metasploit scanner modules do not count), or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
iqonicdesignKiviCare – Clinic & Patient Management System (EHR)	Affected <=4.1.2	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

Until an official fix is available, it is recommended to restrict access to the affected plugin or disable it if possible. Monitor for updates from the vendor iqonicdesign regarding patches or official mitigations. Avoid relying on the vulnerable social login functionality to prevent unauthorized access.

Description

The KiviCare – Clinic & Patient Management System (EHR) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass in all versions up to, and including, 4.1.2. This is due to the `patientSocialLogin()` function not verifying the social provider access token before authenticating a user. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any patient registered on the system by providing only their email address and an arbitrary value for the access token, bypassing all credential verification. The attacker gains access to sensitive medical records, appointments, prescriptions, and billing information (PII/PHI breach). Additionally, authentication cookies are set before the role check, meaning the auth cookies for non-patient users (including administrators) are also set in the HTTP response headers, even though a 403 response is returned.

Impact

Successful exploitation allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass authentication controls and gain access to sensitive patient information such as medical records, appointments, prescriptions, and billing data, resulting in a breach of personally identifiable information (PII) and protected health information (PHI). Additionally, the premature setting of authentication cookies for all user roles, including administrators, may increase the risk of session-related attacks or unauthorized access attempts. The overall impact includes confidentiality, integrity, and availability losses rated as low to high respectively per the CVSS vector.

Summary

The KiviCare Clinic & Patient Management System (EHR) WordPress plugin suffers from an authentication bypass vulnerability (CWE-287) due to improper verification of social login access tokens in the patientSocialLogin() function. This allows unauthenticated attackers to impersonate any patient by providing only the patient's email and an arbitrary access token, bypassing all credential verification. The vulnerability also causes authentication cookies for all roles, including administrators, to be set before role checks, potentially exposing session cookies despite access denial. The issue affects all versions up to 4.1.2 and has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.3, indicating high severity. No known exploits in the wild or patches are currently documented.

CWE-287Improper Authentication (opens in a new tab)
Class weaknessLikelihood of exploit: HighOWASP Top 10 A07:2025: Authentication Failures (opens in a new tab)
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
MITRE discourages mapping vulnerabilities to this broad entry; the root cause is usually a more specific weakness.
Architecture and Design · Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
OWASP Authentication (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V2.8.5 (opens in a new tab)
V2.8.4 (opens in a new tab)
V9.2.3 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
Fake the Source of Data (opens in a new tab)
Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data (opens in a new tab)
Session Hijacking (opens in a new tab)
Token Impersonation (opens in a new tab)
Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 9 Apr 2026, 18:45 UTC

Public exploits and detectionGitHub proofs of concept

WeaknessesCWE-287

Technical details

References

Community reviews

Related threats