Red Hat Security Advisory: kernel security, bug fix, and enhancement update

1. Architecture and Design

   Choose a language that provides automatic memory management.

2. Implementation

   When freeing pointers, be sure to set them to NULL once they are freed. However, the utilization of multiple or complex data structures may lower the usefulness of this strategy.

OWASP Cheat Sheets

• XML Security (opens in a new tab)
• Mass Assignment (opens in a new tab)

OWASP ASVS 4.0.3

• V13.3.1 (opens in a new tab)
• V5.1.4 (opens in a new tab)
• V5.1.3 (opens in a new tab)

From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

1. Requirements · Language Selection

   Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.

2. Implementation

   It is good practice to be responsible for freeing all resources you allocate and to be consistent with how and where you free resources in a function. If you allocate resources that you intend to free upon completion of the function, you must be sure to free the resources at all exit points for that function including…

3. Operation · Architecture and Design · Resource Limitation

   Use resource-limiting settings provided by the operating system or environment. For example, when managing system resources in POSIX, setrlimit() can be used to set limits for certain types of resources, and getrlimit() can determine how many resources are available.

Attack patterns

• HTTP DoS (opens in a new tab)

From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

1. Requirements · Language Selection

   Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.

2. Architecture and Design

   Design signal handlers to only set flags, rather than perform complex functionality. These flags can then be checked and acted upon within the main program loop.

3. Implementation

   Only use reentrant functions within signal handlers. Also, use validation to ensure that state is consistent while performing asynchronous actions that affect the state of execution.

OWASP Cheat Sheets

• Abuse Case (opens in a new tab)

OWASP ASVS 4.0.3

• V1.11.2 (opens in a new tab)

From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

1. Implementation · Input Validation

   Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.

2. Architecture and Design · Language Selection

   Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.

OWASP Cheat Sheets

• XML Security (opens in a new tab)
• Mass Assignment (opens in a new tab)

OWASP ASVS 4.0.3

• V13.3.1 (opens in a new tab)
• V5.1.4 (opens in a new tab)
• V5.1.3 (opens in a new tab)

Attack patterns

• Overread Buffers (opens in a new tab)

From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

1. Implementation

   For any pointers that could have been modified or provided from a function that can return NULL, check the pointer for NULL before use. When working with a multithreaded or otherwise asynchronous environment, ensure that proper locking APIs are used to lock before the check, and unlock when it has finished.

2. Requirements

   Select a programming language that is not susceptible to these issues.

3. Implementation

   Check the results of all functions that return a value and verify that the value is non-null before acting upon it.

OWASP Cheat Sheets

• Logging (opens in a new tab)
• Error Handling (opens in a new tab)

OWASP ASVS 4.0.3

• V11.1.7 (opens in a new tab)

From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

1. Requirements · Language Selection

   Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.

2. Architecture and Design · Libraries or Frameworks

   Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.

3. Operation · Build and Compilation · Environment Hardening

   Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index…

OWASP Cheat Sheets

• XML Security (opens in a new tab)
• Mass Assignment (opens in a new tab)

OWASP ASVS 4.0.3

• V13.3.1 (opens in a new tab)
• V5.1.4 (opens in a new tab)
• V5.1.3 (opens in a new tab)

From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

1. Requirements · Language Selection

   Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.

2. Architecture and Design · Libraries or Frameworks

   Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.

3. Operation · Build and Compilation · Environment Hardening

   Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index…

OWASP Cheat Sheets

• XML Security (opens in a new tab)
• Mass Assignment (opens in a new tab)

OWASP ASVS 4.0.3

• V13.3.1 (opens in a new tab)
• V5.1.4 (opens in a new tab)
• V5.1.3 (opens in a new tab)

Attack patterns

• Overflow Buffers (opens in a new tab)
• SOAP Array Overflow (opens in a new tab)

From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

1. Requirements · Language Selection

   Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.

2. Architecture and Design · Libraries or Frameworks

   Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.

3. Operation · Build and Compilation · Environment Hardening

   Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index…

OWASP Cheat Sheets

• Docker Security (opens in a new tab)
• XML Security (opens in a new tab)

OWASP ASVS 4.0.3

• V5.4.1 (opens in a new tab)
• V14.1.2 (opens in a new tab)
• V13.3.1 (opens in a new tab)

Attack patterns

• Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables (opens in a new tab)
• Overflow Buffers (opens in a new tab)
• Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow (opens in a new tab)
• Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow (opens in a new tab)
• MIME Conversion (opens in a new tab)

From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

1. Implementation

   Change the code's logic so that the resource is only closed once. This might require simplifying or refactoring. This fix can be simple to do in small code blocks, but more difficult when multiple closes are buried within complex conditionals.

2. Implementation · Refactoring

   It can be effective to implement a flag that is (1) set when the resource is opened, (2) cleared when it is closed, and (3) checked before closing. This approach can be useful when there are disparate cases in which closes must be performed.

3. Implementation · Refactoring

   When closing a resource, set the resource's associated variable to NULL or equivalent value for the given language. Some APIs will ignore this null value without causing errors.

From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

1. Architecture and Design · Refactoring

   Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.

2. Architecture and Design

   Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.

3. Implementation · Input Validation

   Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.

OWASP Cheat Sheets

• Server Side Request Forgery Prevention (opens in a new tab)
• Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards (opens in a new tab)
• Cross Site Scripting Prevention (opens in a new tab)
• DOM based XSS Prevention (opens in a new tab)
• Abuse Case (opens in a new tab)

OWASP ASVS 4.0.3

• V5.2.8 (opens in a new tab)
• V5.2.5 (opens in a new tab)
• V1.5.1 (opens in a new tab)

Attack patterns

• Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files (opens in a new tab)
• Manipulating User-Controlled Variables (opens in a new tab)
• Code Injection (opens in a new tab)

From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

1. Requirements

   Specify which data in the software should be regarded as sensitive. Consider which types of users should have access to which types of data.

2. Implementation

   Ensure that any possibly sensitive data specified in the requirements is verified with designers to ensure that it is either a calculated risk or mitigated elsewhere.

3. System Configuration

   Setup default error messages so that unexpected errors do not disclose sensitive information.

OWASP Cheat Sheets

• Error Handling (opens in a new tab)
• Logging (opens in a new tab)
• Authorization (opens in a new tab)

OWASP ASVS 4.0.3

• V8.3.4 (opens in a new tab)
• V14.3.3 (opens in a new tab)
• V7.3.3 (opens in a new tab)

Attack patterns

• Choosing Message Identifier (opens in a new tab)
• Exploiting Incorrectly Configured SSL/TLS (opens in a new tab)
• WiFi MAC Address Tracking (opens in a new tab)
• WiFi SSID Tracking (opens in a new tab)
• Cellular Broadcast Message Request (opens in a new tab)

From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).