The S2 Group’s intelligence team has identified through adversary tracking a new phishing campaign by Snake Keylogger, a Russian origin stealer programmed in .NET, targeting various types of victims, such as companies, governments or individuals. The campaign has been identified as using spearphishing emails offering oil products.
Proofpoint has identified Amatera Stealer, a rebranded version of ACR Stealer with enhanced capabilities and evasion techniques. Distributed via ClearFake website injects, it utilizes sophisticated attack chains and web injects. Amatera Stealer employs NTSockets for stealthy C2 communication, WoW64 Syscalls to bypass user-mode hooking, and supports HTTPS requests. It focuses on stealing information from browsers, crypto wallets, and various software. The malware can also execute secondary payloads. Amatera Stealer is actively developed and sold as a malware-as-a-service, with subscription plans ranging from $199 to $1,499.
A critical vulnerability named DanaBleed was discovered in DanaBot's C2 server, causing memory leaks from June 2022 to early 2025. This bug, introduced in version 2380, exposed sensitive information including threat actor details, server data, and victim credentials. The leak resulted from uninitialized memory in the C2 protocol update. Researchers gained insights into DanaBot's operations, infrastructure, and affiliates. In May 2025, law enforcement dismantled DanaBot's infrastructure and indicted 16 individuals in Operation Endgame. The blog details the technical analysis of the vulnerability, its impact, and the type of data exposed through the memory leak.
ESET collaborated with Microsoft and other partners in a global operation to disrupt Lumma Stealer, a prominent malware-as-a-service infostealer. ESET's contribution involved analyzing tens of thousands of malware samples to extract key data like C&C servers and affiliate identifiers. The operation targeted Lumma Stealer's infrastructure, aiming to render its exfiltration network nonoperational. Lumma Stealer had been actively developed and maintained by its operators, with regular updates to its code and network infrastructure. It employed various anti-analysis techniques and targeted a wide range of data, including credentials from browsers, cryptocurrency wallets, and other applications.
The infostealer Danabot has been disrupted in a multinational law enforcement operation. ESET has been tracking Danabot since 2018, contributing to the effort by providing technical analyses and identifying C&C servers. Danabot operates as a malware-as-a-service, offering various features like data theft, keylogging, and remote control. It has been used to distribute additional malware, including ransomware. The malware's authors promote their toolset through underground forums, providing affiliates with an administration panel, backconnect tool, and proxy server application. Distribution methods have included email spam, other malware, and misuse of Google Ads. Danabot employs a proprietary encrypted communication protocol and offers multiple build options for affiliates.
DanaBot, a versatile and persistent threat since 2018, has evolved from a banking trojan to a multi-purpose malware platform. It maintained an average of 150 active C2 servers daily, with 1,000 daily victims across 40+ countries. The malware's stealth and multi-tiered architecture contributed to its success. Operated likely from Russia, DanaBot's infrastructure includes Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 C2 servers. The botnet's size peaked during high-profile events, with Mexico and the US among the most impacted countries. Despite its longevity, only 25% of its C2 servers had detectable malicious signatures. Operation Endgame II, a collaborative effort between security firms and law enforcement, dealt a significant blow to DanaBot's operations.
International law enforcement agencies have taken additional actions in Operation Endgame, targeting cybercriminal organizations, particularly those behind DanaBot. DanaBot is a powerful modular malware family written in Delphi, capable of keylogging, capturing screenshots, recording desktop videos, exfiltrating files, injecting content into web browsers, and deploying second-stage malware. It operates as a Malware-as-a-Service platform, enabling various attacks. DanaBot has been used in targeted attacks against government officials in the Middle East and Eastern Europe, and for DDoS attacks against Ukrainian servers. The malware implements a custom binary protocol encrypted with RSA and AES, and uses hardcoded C2 servers with Tor as a backup communication channel. Over 50 nicknames have been associated with DanaBot affiliates.
A coordinated action led by Microsoft's Digital Crimes Unit, with participation from Bitsight and other partners, has successfully dismantled the operational capabilities of Lumma Stealer (LummaC2), a prominent information stealer operating since late 2022. The operation involved seizing over 1,000 domains and shutting down more than 90 Telegram channels and Steam profiles associated with the malware's infrastructure. LummaC2, which gained popularity after the takedown of Redline and Meta stealers, targeted Windows systems to extract sensitive data from various applications. The malware employed a complex, multi-tiered command and control infrastructure, using multiple domains, Steam profiles, and Telegram channels for resilience. This disruptive action is expected to significantly impact the threat landscape and hinder criminal activities in the malware scene.
